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首页> 外文期刊>Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift >Variation, a precious lesson. Why we need to keep in mind the origin and meaning of to vet, to fit and 'survival of the fittest'
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Variation, a precious lesson. Why we need to keep in mind the origin and meaning of to vet, to fit and 'survival of the fittest'

机译：变异，一个宝贵的课程。 为什么我们需要牢记兽医的起源和意义，适应和“适合最适合的生存”

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The expression survival of the fittest most often has a misleading connotation in contemporary ears and minds not familiar with genetics and the scientific basis of breeding. Among live organisms, heritable variation is a prerequisite for survival of a species in changing conditions of life. Variants fitting best into new conditions survive and will have the greatest chances to reproduce themselves. This is the meaning of fit in the well-known expression 'survival of the fittest', coined by Herbert Spencer on Darwin's idea of 'natural selection'. In order to understand this, a short linguistic description is given, starting with to vet, meaning 'to examine thoroughly', a relatively recent expression (19th century), which at first sight seems to originate from the examinations done by veterinarians (vets) on racing horses, before they are allotted to certain categories in the races. Nowadays the term is especially used in the context of checking persons applying for jobs, business takeover bids and similar situations involving a certain degree of trustworthiness. To fit has a much older pedigree. The earliest attestations are found in mediaeval texts relating military or fighting episodes in which the adversaries are considered to be of equal power. This survived later on in horse racing competitions and gradually acquired the sense of fitting one thing into another, or to fit into a category. For living organisms, to fit into prevailing conditions of life is of utmost importance. It was only in the previous century that the meaning of fit changed into healthy and strong, possibly also influenced by the use of this term in racing competitions.
机译：最适合的表达生存最常常在当代耳朵和不熟悉遗传学的思想中具有误导性的内涵和繁殖的科学依据。在现场生物中，遗传变异是在改变生活条件下生存物种的先决条件。适合最佳进入新条件的变种生存，并将拥有最大的机会来复制自己。这是适合于众所周知的表达式“适合最适合”的含义，由赫伯特斯宾塞对达尔文的“自然选择”的想法创造。为了理解这一点，从兽医开始，意思是“彻底检查”，这是一个相对近期的表达（19世纪），乍一看似乎源自兽医（兽医）所做的考试在赛马上，在他们分配给比赛中的某些类别之前。如今，该术语特别用于检查申请工作的人，业务收购投标和涉及一定程度可靠性的类似情况的背景。适合有一个更老的血统。最早的证明是在中文文本中发现有关军事或战斗事件的剧集，其中对手被认为是平等的权力。这在赛马比赛后来幸存下来，逐渐地获得了将一件事的意识融入另一件事，或者适应一个类别。对于生物体，以适应普遍的生活条件至关重要。它只在前几个世纪中，适应的含义变为健康和强大，可能也受到赛车比赛中这个术语的影响。

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