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Sphingolipids in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease and Parkinsonism

机译:鞘脂素在帕金森病和帕金森病的发病机制中

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The pathogenic mechanisms underlying Parkinson's disease (PD)/parkinsonism affect mitochondria' and endolysosomal trafficking. The retromer is required to retrieve some proteins from endosomes to the Golgi and plasma membrane. Here, we discuss how retromer-dependent retrieval also affects ceramide metabolism. Compelling studies across PD models in Drosophila and mammalian neurons reveal a pathogenic cascade implicating retromer dysfunction and mitochondrial defects. We argue that ceramides may play a critical role in the pathobiology based on the studies of PLA2G6 and VPS35 in Drosophila mutants and human knock-down cells. In addition, pathogenic variants in many lysosomal storage disorder genes have recently been associated with PD, suggesting a potential overlap between the pathogenic mechanisms underlying these disorders. We propose that disruption of ceramide metabolism may affect endolysosomal and mitochondria' function, and plays an important role in PD/parkinsonism.
机译:帕金森病(Pd)/帕金森主义的致病机制影响线粒体和内溶血剂贩运。 需要转换以将一些蛋白质从内体和血浆膜中检索。 在这里,我们讨论了回力依赖性检索如何影响神经酰胺代谢。 在果蝇和哺乳动物神经元的PD模型中的引人注目的研究揭示了一种致病级联暗示反复功能障碍和线粒体缺陷。 我们认为神经酰胺基于PLA2G6和VPS35在果蝇突变体和人瘫痪细胞的研究中可能在病理学中发挥关键作用。 此外,许多溶酶体储存障碍基因的致病变体最近与PD相关,表明这些疾病的致病机制之间的潜在重叠。 我们提出了神经酰胺代谢的破坏可能影响内溶血素和线粒体的功能,并在Pd / Parkinsonism中发挥重要作用。

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