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Animals and the 3Rs in toxicology research and testing: The way forward

机译：动物和毒理学研究和测试中的3RS：前进的方式

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摘要

Despite efforts to eliminate the use of animals in testing and the availability of many accepted alternative methods, animals are still widely used for toxicological research and testing. While research using in vitro and computational models has dramatically increased in recent years, such efforts have not yet measurably impacted animal use for regulatory testing and are not likely to do so for many years or even decades. Until regulatory authorities have accepted test methods that can totally replace animals and these are fully implemented, large numbers of animals will continue to be used and many will continue to experience significant pain and distress. In order to positively impact the welfare of these animals, accepted alternatives must be implemented, and efforts must be directed at eliminating pain and distress and reducing animal numbers. Animal pain and distress can be reduced by earlier predictive humane endpoints, pain-relieving medications, and supportive clinical care, while sequential testing and routine use of integrated testing and decision strategies can reduce animal numbers. Applying advances in science and technology to the development of scientifically sound alternative testing models and strategies can improve animal welfare and further reduce and replace animal use.
机译：尽管努力消除使用动物的使用和许多可接受的替代方法的可用性，但动物仍然广泛用于毒理学研究和测试。近年来使用体外和计算模型的研究急剧增加，但这种努力尚未衡量可测量的动物用途对监管检测，并且不太可能多年甚至数十年。直到监管机构接受了可以完全取代动物的测试方法，这些都完全实施，大量的动物将继续使用，并且许多人将继续体验显着的痛苦和痛苦。为了积极影响这些动物的福利，必须实施接受的替代方案，必须努力消除疼痛和痛苦和减少动物数字。早期预测人性终点，疼痛缓解药物和支持性临床护理可以减少动物疼痛和痛苦，而综合测试和常规使用综合测试和决策策略可以减少动物数。将科技进步应用于科学替代测试模型的发展，策略可以改善动物福利，进一步减少和替换动物使用。

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