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Polyaxial stress-dependent permeability of a three-dimensional fractured rock layer

机译：三维裂缝岩层的多轴应力依赖性渗透性

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摘要

A study about the influence of polyaxial (true-triaxial) stresses on the permeability of a three-dimensional (3D) fractured rock layer is presented. The 3D fracture system is constructed by extruding a two-dimensional (2D) outcrop pattern of a limestone bed that exhibits a ladder structure consisting of a "through-going" joint set abutted by later-stage short fractures. Geomechanical behaviour of the 3D fractured rock in response to in-situ stresses is modelled by the finite-discrete element method, which can capture the deformation of matrix blocks, variation of stress fields, reactivation of pre-existing rough fractures and propagation of new cracks. A series of numerical simulations is designed to load the fractured rock using various polyaxial in-situ stresses and the stress-dependent flow properties are further calculated. The fractured layer tends to exhibit stronger flow localisation and higher equivalent permeability as the far-field stress ratio is increased and the stress field is rotated such that fractures are preferentially oriented for shearing. The shear dilation of pre-existing fractures has dominant effects on flow localisation in the system, while the propagation of new fractures has minor impacts. The role of the overburden stress suggests that the conventional 2D analysis that neglects the effect of the out-of-plane stress (perpendicular to the bedding interface) may provide indicative approximations but not fully capture the polyaxial stress-dependent fracture network behaviour. The results of this study have important implications for understanding the heterogeneous flow of geological fluids (e.g. groundwater, petroleum) in subsurface and upscaling permeability for large-scale assessments.
机译：提出了关于多轴（真轴）应力对三维（3D）裂缝岩层渗透性的影响的研究。通过挤出具有石灰岩床的二维（2D）露天的图案来构建3D裂缝系统，该套房具有梯形结构，该梯形结构包括由后期短裂缝脱落的“通道”关节组成的梯形结构。 3D裂缝岩石响应于原位应力的地质力学行为由有限离散的元件方法进行建模，可以捕获基质块的变形，应力场的变化，预先存在的粗糙骨折和新裂缝的传播。设计了一系列数值模拟，用于使用各种多轴原位应力加载裂缝岩石，并进一步计算应力依赖性流动性。裂缝层倾向于表现出更强的流量定位，并且随着远场应力比增加并且应力场旋转，使得裂缝优先取向剪切。预先存在的骨折的剪切扩张对系统流量定位的显性效应，而新骨折的繁殖具有轻微的影响。覆盖压力的作用表明，忽略平面外应力（垂直于床上用品）的常规2D分析可以提供指示性近似，但不完全捕获多轴应力依赖性骨折网络行为。该研究的结果对理解地下地质流体（例如地下水，石油）的异质流动以及大规模评估的升高性渗透性具有重要意义。

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