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首页> 外文期刊>Alcohol >A new meaning for 'Gin & Tonic': tonic inhibition as the target for ethanol action in the brain.
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A new meaning for 'Gin & Tonic': tonic inhibition as the target for ethanol action in the brain.

机译:“杜松子酒和补品”的新含义是:抑制补品作为大脑中乙醇作用的靶标。

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摘要

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the main chemical inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. In the central nervous system, it acts on two distinct types of receptor: an ion channel, that is, an "ionotropic" receptor permeable to Cl- and HCO3- (GABAA receptors [GABAARs]) and a G-protein coupled "metabotropic" receptor that is linked to various effector mechanisms (GABAB receptors). This review will summarize novel developments in the physiology and pharmacology of GABAARs, specifically those found outside synapses. The focus will be on a particular combination of GABAAR subunits responsible for mediating tonic inhibition and sensitive to concentrations of ethanol legally considered to be sobriety impairing. Since the same receptors are also a preferred target for the metabolites of steroid hormones synthesized in the brain (neurosteroids), the ethanol-sensitive tonic inhibition may be a common pathway for interactions between the effects of alcohol and those of ovarian and stress-related neurosteroids.
机译:γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)是大脑中主要的化学抑制性神经递质。在中枢神经系统中,它作用于两种不同类型的受体:一个离子通道,即可渗透Cl和HCO3-的“离子型”受体(GABAA受体[GABAARs])和一个G蛋白偶联的“代谢型”受体与各种效应器机制相关的受体(GABAB受体)。这篇综述将总结GABAARs的生理学和药理学方面的新发展,特别是在突触之外发现的那些。重点将放在负责介导进补抑制作用且对合法认为是清醒功能损害的乙醇浓度敏感的GABAAR亚基的特定组合上。由于相同的受体也是大脑中合成的类固醇激素(神经类固醇)代谢物的首选靶标,因此乙醇敏感的滋补抑制作用可能是酒精与卵巢和压力相关的神经类固醇作用之间相互作用的常见途径。

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