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Tobacco outlet density and smoking prevalence: Does racial concentration matter?

机译：烟草出口密度和吸烟患病率：种族浓度吗？

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The abuse of tobacco products is cause for international concern. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that tobacco use is the fourth most common risk factor for disease worldwide and the second leading cause of death in the world. Although the dangers of smoking have been well publicized in many industrial countries, current smoking patterns suggest that by the year 2025 smoking-related disease will account for approximately ten million deaths each year. The United States is one such industrial country where the detrimental effects of tobacco use have created a public health crisis, claiming the lives of over 440,000 Americans on an annual basis. Of particular concern is the growing epidemic of diseases caused by tobacco use among African Americans. But an important question eluding public policy officials is whether tobacco companies are increasing their presence in disadvantaged, racially diverse communities to increase sales of their product. Addressing this concern, this study is among the first to examine the effect of race on the geographic association between tobacco outlet density and cigarette smoking prevalence. End-of-year 2002 data were derived from licenses of 4745 tobacco-selling retail outlets operating in the State of Iowa, which is located in the midwestern part of the USA. The 2000 US census and the 2002 Iowa Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used to inform race and smoking prevalence variables. Results of hierarchical regression analysis indicated that the relationship between tobacco outlet density and smoking prevalence was greater in Iowa counties with a higher percentage of African Americans. Implications for tobacco-control policies and directions for future research are discussed.
机译：滥用烟草产品是国际关注的原因。世界卫生组织（世卫组织）估计烟草使用是全球疾病最常见的危险因素，以及世界上第二次死亡原因。虽然吸烟的危险在许多工业国家都有很好的公布，但目前的吸烟模式表明，到2025年的吸烟有关疾病每年将占大约一千万的死亡。美国是烟草使用的不利影响的工业国家，这些产业国家已经创造了一个公共卫生危机，每年宣称超过440,000名美国人的生命。特别关注的是由于烟草在非洲裔美国人群中造成的疾病流行。但是，一个重要的问题，阐明公共政策官员是烟草公司是否正在增加其在弱势群体，种族多样化的社区的存在，以增加其产品的销售。解决这一问题，这项研究是首先检查烟草出口密度和吸烟患病率之间的地理关联的效果的效果。 2002年底，销售于在爱荷华州的IOWA州的4745辆烟草销售零售店的许可证，该数据位于美国中西部的IOWA。 2000年美国人口普查和2002年IOOWA行为风险因素监测系统被用来为竞争和吸烟患病率变量提供信息。等级回归分析的结果表明，烟草出口密度与吸烟率之间的关系在爱荷华州的县较高，非洲裔美国人百分比较高。讨论了对未来研究的对烟草控制政策和方向的影响。

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