Poor Work Design Begets Poor Work Design: Capacity and Willingness Antecedents of Individual Work Design Behavior

Parker Sharon K.; Andrei Daniela M.; Van den Broeck Anja

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Poor Work Design Begets Poor Work Design: Capacity and Willingness Antecedents of Individual Work Design Behavior

机译：工作设计不佳，工作设计不佳：能力和意愿的个人工作设计行为的前提

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Few studies have systematically considered how individuals design work. In a replication study (N = 211, Study 1), we showed that students naturally tend to develop simplified, low variety work. In 2 further simulation studies, we quantitatively assessed participants' work design behaviors via 2 new measures ("enriching task allocation" and "enriching work strategy selection"). As a comparison measure, we assessed individuals' tendency to choose individualistic rather than work design strategies ("person-focused strategy selection"). We then investigated how work design behaviors are affected by capacity (professional expertise, explicit knowledge, job autonomy) and willingness (life values). For a sample of human service professionals (N = 218, Study 2), participants scored higher on enriching task allocation and enriching work strategy selection if they had expertise as an industrial/organizational psychologist and if they had high autonomy in their own job. Explicit knowledge about work design predicted lower scores on person-focused strategy selection, and mediated the effects of professional expertise on this outcome. Individuals high in openness values scored higher on enriching work strategy selection, and those high in conservation values scored lower on enriching task allocation. These findings were replicated in Study 3 among working professionals (N = 602). We then showed that openness to change values predicted enriching work strategy selection via the more proximal processes of valence (valuing intrinsic work characteristics) and affect (positive affect when enriching others' work). This article opens up a new area of inquiry: how and why individuals design work for others in the way they do.

机译：很少有研究已经系统地考虑了个人设计工作的方式。在复制研究（N = 211，研究1）中，我们认为学生自然倾向于发展简化，低品种的工作。在2进一步的模拟研究中，我们通过2个新措施（“丰富任务分配”和“丰富的工作战略选择”）定量评估了参与者的工作设计行为。作为比较措施，我们评估了个人倾向，选择个人主义而不是工作设计策略（“以人为本的战略选择”）。然后，我们调查了如何通过能力（专业专业知识，明确知识，工作自主权）和意愿（生命价值）的影响。对于人类服务专业人员的样本（N = 218，学习2），如果他们作为工业/组织心理学家的专业知识，如果他们在自己的工作中拥有高自治，则参与者在丰富的任务分配和丰富的工作战略选择方面取得更高。有关工作设计的明确知识预测了以人为中心的策略选择的得分较低，并介绍了对这一结果的专业知识的影响。在丰富工作战略选择方面取得高度开放价值的个人，并且在丰富任务分配时，节约价值的高度较高。这些发现在工作专业人员中的研究3中被复制（n = 602）。然后，我们展示了通过更近似的价值（重视内在工作特征）和影响（富裕时）的近似过程来改变更改富集工作策略的价值的开放性。本文开辟了一个新的查询领域：如何以及为什么个人设计在他们所做的方式中为他人工作。

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《Journal of Applied Psychology》 |2019年第7期|共22页
作者
Parker Sharon K.; Andrei Daniela M.; Van den Broeck Anja;
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作者单位

Curtin Univ Fac Business &

Law Ctr Transformat Work Design Future Work Inst 78 Murray St Perth WA 6000 Australia;

Curtin Univ Fac Business &

Law Ctr Transformat Work Design Future Work Inst 78 Murray St Perth WA 6000 Australia;

Katholieke Univ Leuven Fac Econ &

Business Dept Work &

Org Studies Leuven Belgium;

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正文语种 eng
中图分类应用心理学;
关键词
work design behavior; values; knowledge; antecedents; enrichment;

机译：工作设计行为;价值观;知识;前提;富集;

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1. Poor Work Design Begets Poor Work Design: Capacity and Willingness Antecedents of Individual Work Design Behavior [J] . Parker Sharon K., Andrei Daniela M., Van den Broeck Anja Journal of Applied Psychology . 2019,第7期

机译：工作设计不佳，工作设计不佳：能力和意愿的个人工作设计行为的前提
2. OPTIMAL SUPPORT DESIGN FOR GALLERIES LOCATED IN POOR QUALITY ROCK MASS AND UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF MINING WORKS [J] . DANIEL VáZQUEZ-SILVA, MARIA-BELEN PRENDES-GERO, MARTINA-INMACULADA áLVAREZ-FERNáNDEZ, Archives of mining sciences . 2020,第4期

机译：优质岩石质量差，矿井作品影响的合房的最佳支持设计
3. Ergonomics in Poor Hand Tools Design and Muscoskeletal Disorders of Workers During Various Working Environment [J] . Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences . 2016,第7期

机译：在各种工作环境中手工具设计不良和工人的肌肉骨骼疾病的人体工程学
4. Cumulative trauma disorders as a result of poor ergonomic workstation design: a case history of VDT operators [C] . Nunez, G., Nunez, . 1991

机译：人体工学工作站设计不佳导致的累积性创伤疾病：VDT操作员的病史
5. Design and performance of protected working capacity envelopes based on p-cycles: An alternative framework for dynamic survivable network service provisioning [D] . Shen, Gangxiang 2006

机译：基于p周期的受保护工作容量包络的设计和性能：动态可生存网络服务供应的替代框架
6. Computational design of synthetic regulatory networks from a genetic library to characterize the designability of dynamical behaviors [O] . Guillermo Rodrigo, Javier Carrera, Alfonso Jaramillo 2011

机译：遗传库中合成调控网络的计算设计以表征动力学行为的可设计性
7. Decision-making is the process of analyzing information about a problem situation and comparing it to a specific conclusion in order to solve a specific problematic (Yıkılmaz, 2001; Miller and Byrnes, 2001). Decision-making styles are a mechanism that is influenced by the internal and external conditions that determine the direction of the decisions of the individual, the content of the decision-making process, and the outcome of the decision-making process (Payne, Bettman and Johson, 1993; Bavol’ár and Orosová, 2015). ACT is a contemporary member of the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy family. ACT (Acceptance and commitment therapy) has both similar and different directions with Behavioral Therapies and Cognitive Therapies (Herbet and Forman, 2011; Hayes, 2004). KKT responds to classical behavioral treatments using both existential and cognitive approaches in the analysis of behavior. KKT is a science wing that tries to solve human problems with a wider perspective aimed at solving problematic human behaviors (Plumb, Stewart, Dahl and Lundgren, 2009). It is seen that there is very little research about the new approach of ACT approach when the aiming country of our country is screened and it is thought that our country will contribute to the field of psychological counseling with the work done. In the scope of the research, experimental and control groups and preliminary test, post-test and follow-up measurements of 2x3 experimental design were used. The study's study group consists of a total of 24 (12 experimental and 12 control groups) university students studying in different departments and levels, continuing their education in the academic year of 2015-2016 in Ağrı province and İbrahim Chechen University in 2015-2016 academic year. The average age of participants in the experiment and control group is 20. There were 12 participants in the experimental group, 7 female and 5 male, and 12 participants, 7 female and 5 male in the control group. Personal Information Form and Decision Making Style Scale prepared by the researcher were used in the research. In order to decide on the tests to be used in the course of analyzing the data, the scores of the participant's Decision Styles Scale pre-test, which are placed primarily in the experimental and control groups, it was analyzed whether the basic expectations of parametric tests were answered. As a result of the analysis made, the scores, skewness and kurtosis coefficients obtained from the Decision Making Styles Scale were given to the experimental and control groups. It was determined that the distribution was normal in the result of Shapiro-Wilk test, in which the skewness and kurtosis coefficients of each sub-scale were ranked between -1 and +1. Participants in the experimental and control groups; homogeneity test results for decision-style pre-test measurements indicate that the data are homogeneous. According to the results of the Mauchly Globalness Test, it has been determined that working supports the hypothesis. It was determined that there was no significant difference between the pre-test scores obtained from dependent decision-making style of experiment and control groups, but the test group showed lower mean scores at the significant level within the scores of post-test and follow-up tests. Therefore, it can be said that the ACT-oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group reduces the dependent decision-making style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions and the psychoeducation program has a lasting effect. It was determined that there was no significant difference between pre-test, post-test and follow-up scores obtained from the Spontaneous-Instant Decision Style of experiment and control groups. Thus, it can be said that this situation does not cause a significant difference in the Spontaneous-Decision-Making Style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions of the ACT-oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group. The ACT -oriented psychoeducation program had a decline in the intuitive decision-making styles of the individuals, but this decrease did not create significant differences. Thus, it can be said that this situation does not make a meaningful difference in the intuitive decision style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions of the KKT oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group. The pre-test scores obtained from the rational decision-making style of the experimental and control groups showed that there was a difference between the post-test and the follow-up scores, but this difference was not significant. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the test group had higher levels of rational decision style than the pre - test scores in the post test and follow - up scores, whereas the post test and follow - up test scores in the control group rational decision style showed a decrease compared to the pre - test scores. the pre - test scores. Decision-making Styles Scale Avoidant Decision Making As a result of the analysis of the mean scores of the subscale scores of pre-test, post-test and follow-up measures, the group effect was found to be insignificant. It was determined that the experimental and control groups differed significantly from the pre-test scores obtained from the avoidant decision-making style but did not show any significant change within the scores of the post-test and follow-up tests. [O] . mustafa ercengiz, ali haydar şar 2018

机译：决策是分析有关问题情况的信息并将其与特定结论进行比较的过程，以解决特定的问题（Yıkılmaz，2001; Miller和Byrnes，2001）。决策风格是一种机制，受到内部和外部条件的影响，确定个人决定的方向，决策过程的内容以及决策过程的结果（PAYNE，BETTMAN和BEDNE） Johson，1993;Bavol'ár和奥萨洛瓦，2015）。法案是认知行为治疗家庭的当代成员。行为（验收和承诺治疗）具有与行为疗法和认知疗法的类似和不同方向（Herbet和Forman，2011; Hayes，2004）。 KKT在分析行为中使用存在性和认知方法来响应古典行为治疗方法。 KKT是一个科学翼，试图解决人类问题，旨在解决有问题的人类行为（铅垂，斯图尔特，Dahl和Lundgren，2009）。有人认为，当我们国家的瞄准国家进行筛选时，有关行动方法的新方法几乎没有研究，并且认为我们的国家将为完成工作做出贡献的心理咨询领域。在研究的范围内，使用实验和对照组和初步测试，使用后测试和后续测量的2x3实验设计。该研究的研究小组包括共24名（12个实验和12个对照组）大学学生在不同的部门和水平上学习，在2015-2016学术上继续进行2015-2016的学术年度2015-2016学年年。实验和对照组参与者的平均年龄是20.实验组中有12名参与者，7名女性和5名男性，12名参与者，7名女性和5名男性。研究人员准备的个人信息表格和决策制定风格规模在研究中使用。为了决定在分析数据的过程中使用的测试，参与者的决策风格刻度预测的分数主要在实验和对照组中进行，分析了参数的基本期望吗？测试得到了回答。由于对实验和对照组给出了从决策曲调标度获得的分数，偏移和峰度分子系数。确定该分布是正常的在成熟的-WILK试验结果中，其中每亚级的偏差和刚度系数在-1到+1之间排名。实验和对照组的参与者;决策式预测测量的同质性测试结果表明数据是均匀的。根据毛毛环保试验的结果，已确定工作支持假设。据确定，从依赖决策风格的实验和对照组获得的预测分数之间没有显着差异，但测试组在测试后的分数内显示出较低的平均分数和后续的分数 - 测试。因此，可以说，应用于实验组的面向活动的心理教育程序减少了决策风格子维度的依赖决策风格分数，并且心理教育程序具有持久的效果。据确定，从实验和对照组自发决策风格获得的预测试，测试后和后续评分之间没有显着差异。因此，可以说这种情况不会导致从应用于实验组的活动导向的心理教育程序的决策风格分数的自发决策风格分数显着差异。行为的心理教育计划在个人直观的决策风格下降，但这种减少并没有产生显着的差异。因此，可以说，这种情况不会在从应用于实验组的KKT导向的心理教育程序的决策风格分数中产生有意义的决策风格分数。从实验和对照组的理性决策风格获得的预测分数显示后检验后和随访评分之间存在差异，但这种差异并不重要。由于分析，确定测试组的理性决策风格较高，而不是后测试和后续分数的预测分数，而对照组合理决策风格的后测试和后续测试分数显示出与预测试分数相比的减少。预测分数。决策款式扩展避免决策由于分析了预测试，测试后和后续措施的班次评分的平均分数，发现群体效应是微不足道的。确定实验和对照组从避免决策风格获得的预测评分中显着不同，但在测试后和后续测试的分数内没有显示出任何重大变化。
8. Virtual Scavenger Hunt: An AI-Powered Virtual Environment Designed for Training Individuals in Effective Teamwork, and Analyzing Cross-Cultural Behavior [R] . Goertzel, B. 2009

机译：虚拟清道夫狩猎：一个人工智能虚拟环境，旨在培训有效团队合作的个人，并分析跨文化行为

Poor Work Design Begets Poor Work Design: Capacity and Willingness Antecedents of Individual Work Design Behavior

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