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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Environmental Engineering >Computation of the Mixing Energy in Rivers for Oil Dispersion
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Computation of the Mixing Energy in Rivers for Oil Dispersion

机译：计算油散河流混合能量的计算

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摘要

With the increase in transport of oil by rail, the probability of oil spills in rivers has increased. Traditionally, focus has been placed on oil slicks moving on the water surface. However, the density of bitumen oil carried by rail within and from Canada to the United States can exceed that of freshwater, causing this oil to get submerged in the water column. This also has the potential of forming oil particle aggregates (OPAs) upon interaction with suspended sediments. The energy-dissipation rate is a key parameter for predicting the formation of oil droplets, and for this purpose, expressions are developed to estimate the energy-dissipation rate at various depths in the river using easily measured quantities such as water depth, streambed slope, and streambed roughness. The formulation showed that for a stream 30 m wide with a natural slope of 1/1,000 and roughness height of 1.0 cm, the average and maximum energy-dissipation rates are 0.01 and 0.22 W/kg, respectively. The average value is comparable to spilling breakers of height around 0.3 m, and the maximum value is comparable to those obtained from plunging breakers of 0.30-m-high waves. The large average value suggests that breakup of droplets in streams is higher than in the open sea under regular waves.
机译：随着轨道运输油的增加，河流中油溢出的可能性增加。传统上，重点放在水面上移动的油烟。然而，沥青油内部和从加拿大到美国的密度可能超过淡水的沥青，导致该油浸没在水柱中。这还具有在与悬浮沉积物相互作用时形成油颗粒聚集体（OPA）的可能性。能量消耗速率是用于预测油滴形成的关键参数，为此目的，开发了表达以估计河流中各种深度的能量消耗速率，使用易于测量的量，诸如水深，流坡，流斜坡，和流粗糙。该制剂显示，对于宽的流宽，其自然斜率为1 / 1,000，粗糙度高1.0厘米，平均和最大能量消耗速率分别为0.01和0.22W / kg。平均值与大约0.3μm的高度的溢出器相当，并且最大值与从0.30m高波浪的泄漏断路器获得的最大值相当。较大的平均值表明，在普通波浪下，流中的液滴分裂高于开阔的海洋。

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