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首页> 外文期刊>Biotechnology Advances: An International Review Journal >Management strategies for agricultural biotechnology in small countries: Acase study of Israel [Review]
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Management strategies for agricultural biotechnology in small countries: Acase study of Israel [Review]

机译：小国农业生物技术管理战略：以以色列为例[评论]

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摘要

Agricultural biotechnology is concentrated in four major countries. This paper suggests strategies for developing it in small countries, based on analysis of the world trends and the characteristics of small countries. Israel is presented as a specific case study. The main relevant trends are domination by big companies, consumer concerns on genetically modified foods, and focusing on consumer benefits and specific market niches. Small countries' disadvantages include companies that are too small to benefit fully from research, difficulty in raising funds, lack of infrastructures and experienced management personnel, and public sector research organizations that are unsuitable for commercializing research. The recommended strategies include: developing a large number of low-volume products and small market niches, forming partnerships with intermediaries (such as food companies), specializing in intermediate products (such as the seed or the gene patent), and conducting market research and cost-benefit analysis in advance. Additional strategies include developing benefits that are unique to genetically modified foods and focusing on benefits specifically for consumers who accept genetically modified foods, rather than on benefits for the average consumer. A national representative organization could buy and rent out expensive equipment, finance specific projects in return for the commercial rights, and perform collective marketing research and marketing. Israel has the advantages of a successful agricultural sector and complementary scientific research, and should focus on those fruits, vegetables, and flowers for which it already has the experience and infrastructure.
机译：农业生物技术集中在四个主要国家。本文根据对世界趋势和小国特征的分析，提出了在小国发展这一战略的建议。以色列是作为一个具体案例研究。主要的相关趋势是大公司的统治，消费者对转基因食品的关注以及关注消费者的利益和特定的市场利基。小国的不利条件包括规模太小，无法从研究中充分受益的公司，筹集资金的困难，缺乏基础设施和经验丰富的管理人员，以及不适合将研究商业化的公共部门研究组织。推荐的策略包括：开发大量小批量产品和小型市场壁,、与中介机构（例如食品公司）建立合作伙伴关系，专门研究中间产品（例如种子或基因专利）以及进行市场研究和事先进行成本效益分析。其他策略包括开发转基因食品特有的利益，并侧重于专门针对接受转基因食品的消费者的利益，而不是针对普通消费者的利益。一个国家代表机构可以购买和租用昂贵的设备，为获得商业权而为特定项目提供资金，并进行集体营销研究和营销。以色列拥有成功的农业部门和互补的科学研究的优势，并且应重点关注以色列已经拥有的经验和基础设施的水果，蔬菜和花卉。

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