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首页> 外文期刊>Biotechnology Advances: An International Review Journal >Influence of rol genes in floriculture.
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Influence of rol genes in floriculture.

机译：rol基因在花卉栽培中的影响。

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Traditionally, new traits have been introduced into ornamental plants through classical breeding. However, genetic engineering now enables specific alterations of single traits in already successful varieties. New or improved varieties of floricultural crops can be obtained by acting on floral traits, such as color, shape or fragrance, on vase life in cut-flower species, and on rooting potential or overall plant morphology. Overexpression of the rol genes of the Ri plasmid of Agrobacterium rhizogenes in plants alters several of the plant's developmental processes and affects their architecture. Both A. rhizogenes- and rol-transgenic plants display the "hairy-root phenotype", although specific differences are found between species and between transgenic lines. In general, these plants show a dwarfed phenotype, reduced apical dominance, smaller, wrinkled leaves, increased rooting, altered flowering and reduced fertility. Among the rol genes, termed rolA, B, C and D, rolC has been the most widely studied because its effects are the most advantageous in terms of improving ornamental and horticultural traits. In addition to the dwarfness and the increase in lateral shoots that lead to a bushy phenotype, rolC-plants display more, smaller flowers, and advanced flowering; surprisingly, these plants may have better rooting capacity and they show almost no undesirable traits. rolD, the least studied among the rol genes, offers promising applications due to its promotion of flowering. Although the biochemical functions of rol genes remain poorly understood, they are useful tools for improving ornamental flowers, as their expression in transgenic plants yields many beneficial traits.
机译：传统上，新特性已通过经典育种引入观赏植物。但是，基因工程现在可以在已经成功的品种中对单个性状进行特定的改变。通过对花的性状（例如颜色，形状或香气），切花品种的花瓶寿命以及生根潜力或总体植物形态起作用，可以获得新的或改良的花卉作物品种。发根农杆菌Ri质粒的rol基因在植物中的过表达改变了植物的几个发育过程，并影响了它们的结构。发根农杆菌和rol转基因植物均显示出“毛根表型”，尽管在物种之间和转基因品系之间发现了特定的差异。通常，这些植物表现出矮化的表型，顶端优势减少，叶片变小，起皱，生根增加，开花改变和繁殖力降低。在rol基因中，被称为rolA，B，C和D的rolC已得到最广泛的研究，因为它的作用在改善观赏和园艺性状方面是最有利的。除了矮化和侧枝增加导致丛生的表型外，rolC植物还显示出更多，更小的花朵和先进的开花。令人惊讶的是，这些植物可能具有更好的生根能力，并且几乎没有显示出不良的性状。 rolD是rol基因中最少研究的一种，由于其促进开花，因此具有广阔的应用前景。尽管rol基因的生化功能仍知之甚少，但它们是改善观赏花卉的有用工具，因为它们在转基因植物中的表达产生了许多有益的性状。

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