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首页> 外文期刊>Advances in anatomy embryology and cell biology. >Chapter 4 Transmembrane Mucin Expression and Function in Embryo Implantation and Placentation
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Chapter 4 Transmembrane Mucin Expression and Function in Embryo Implantation and Placentation

机译：第四章跨膜粘蛋白在胚胎着床和胎盘植入中的表达和功能

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Abstract Transmembrane mucins (TMs) are extremely large, complex glycopro-teins that line the apical surfaces of simple epithelia including those of the female reproductive tract. TMs provide a physical barrier consistent with their role as part of the innate immune system. This barrier function must be overcome in the context of embryo implantation to permit blastocyst attachment. Three major TMs have been identified in uterine epithelia of multiple species: MUC1, MUC4, and MUC16. MUC1 has been found in all species studied to date, whereas expression of MUC4 and MUC 16 have been less well studied and may be species specific. The strategies for removing mucins to permit embryo attachment also vary in a species-specific way and include both hormonal suppression of TM gene expression and membrane clearance via cell surface proteases. Studies emerging from the cancer literature indicate that TMs can modulate a surprisingly wide variety of signal transduction processes. Furthermore, various cell surface proteins have been identified that bind either the oligosaccharide or protein motifs of TMs suggesting that these molecules may support cell attachment in some contexts, including trophoblast interactions with cells of the immune system. The intimate association of TMs at sites of embryo-maternal interaction and the varied functions these complex molecules can play make them key players in embryo implantation and placentation processes.
机译：摘要跨膜粘蛋白（TMs）是非常大的，复杂的糖蛋白，位于简单上皮的顶表面，包括女性生殖道的顶表面。 TM提供了与其作为先天免疫系统一部分的作用相一致的物理屏障。在胚胎植入的背景下必须克服这种屏障功能以允许胚泡附着。在子宫上皮中已鉴定出三种主要的TM：MUC1，MUC4和MUC16。迄今为止，已在所有研究的物种中发现了MUC1，而对MUC4和MUC 16的表达研究较少，并且可能具有物种特异性。去除粘蛋白以允许胚胎附着的策略也以物种特异性的方式变化，包括激素抑制TM基因表达和通过细胞表面蛋白酶清除膜。来自癌症文献的研究表明，TMs可以调节令人惊讶的多种信号转导过程。此外，已经鉴定了结合TM的寡糖或蛋白基序的各种细胞表面蛋白，表明这些分子在某些情况下可以支持细胞附着，包括滋养细胞与免疫系统细胞的相互作用。在胚胎与母体相互作用的部位，TMs的密切联系以及这些复杂分子可以发挥的各种功能，使其成为胚胎着床和胎盘植入过程中的关键角色。

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