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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of insect biotechnology and sericology >Metabolic Shifts in Carbohydrate Metabolism during Embryonic Development of Non-Diapause Eggs of the Silkworm, Bombyx mori
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Metabolic Shifts in Carbohydrate Metabolism during Embryonic Development of Non-Diapause Eggs of the Silkworm, Bombyx mori

机译：植物胚胎鸡蛋胚胎胚胎胚胎发育过程中的代谢转变在蚕豆鸡蛋卵中的代谢移位

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In order to clarify the pathways of carbohydrate metabolism during embryonic development in Bombyx mori eggs, changes in oxygen consumption, free sugar content, glycolytic intermediates and selected enzyme activities were monitored during the nine days of embryonic development. Two distinct phases of metabolism were found - a phase of differentiation (phase I), from day 1 to day 4, and then a phase of organogenesis (phase II), from day 5 to day 9. A gradual degradation of glycogen during phase I resulted in the production of trehalose, fructose and sorbitol. In this phase, phosphofructokinase was inhibited due to a sharp fall in levels of its activator, fructose-2,6-bisphosphate. Glycolytic flux leads to lactate formation during phase I. During phase II, activity of the mitochondrial enzyme, NAD-isocitrate dehydrogenase increased eight-fold, and oxygen consumption rose sharply by sjx-fold. These changes correlated with increased TCA cycle activity and the activated biosynthesis of mitochondria in phase II, Sharp increases in phosphofructokinase (eight-fold) and pyruvate kinase (18-fold) activities were observed during phase II. The increased glycolytic flux correlated with decreases in substrates (glycogen, trehalose, sorbitol and fructose), and the increased carbon flux was tunneled into the TCA cycle as indicated by increased oxygen consumption and decreased lactate levels between days 3 and 6. The intense activation of glycolysis apparently overwhelmed mitochondrial capacity from days 6 to 9,as indicated by the marked increase in glycolytic intermediates including phosphoenolpyruvate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate and pyruvate, and the production of lactate even in the presence of high oxygen uptake. Levels of auxiliary enzymes changed during development; NAD-sorbitol dehydrogenase activity increased during phase I and trehalase activity increased during phase II. Glycerol-3-phosphatase activity decreased slightly and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase-1 increased slightly over the nine days of development. In summary, phase I (differentiation) is fueled by glycogen and characterized by low glycolytic flux under largely anaerobic conditions, whereas phase II (embryogenesis) is characterized by increased glycolytic flux under aerobic conditions fueled by glycogen, in addition to the mixture of sugar substrates,
机译：为了阐明在Bombyx Mori鸡蛋中胚胎发育过程中碳水化合物代谢的途径，在胚胎发育的九天内监测氧气消耗，游离糖含量，糖酵解中间体和选定的酶活性的变化。发现了两个不同的代谢阶段 - 分化（I相）的阶段，来自第1天至第4天，然后是有机组织（II期）的阶段，来自第5天至第9天。在I期I期间血糖逐渐降解导致海藻糖，果糖和山梨糖醇的产生。在该阶段，由于其活化剂的水平急剧下降，果糖-2,6-双磷酸盐的急剧下降，磷质不能抑制。糖酵解通量在I期I期间导致乳酸乳酸乳酸形成。在II期期间，线粒体酶的活性，NAD-异柠檬酸脱氢酶增加了八倍，并且氧气消耗急剧上升了SJX折叠。这些变化与TCA循环活性增加和II期线粒体的活性生物合成相关，在II期期间观察到磷质不能磷酸溶酶酶（八倍）和丙酮酸激酶（18倍）活性的急剧增加。随着底物（糖原，海水，山梨糖醇和果糖的降低相关的增加，碳通量增加，并且通过增加的氧气消耗并在第3天和第6天之间降低乳酸水平而增加，碳通量增加进入TCA循环中。强烈激活糖醇分解显然不堪重负的线粒体容量从第6到9天，如糖醇中间体的标记增加所示，包括磷酸丙酮酸，二羟基丙酮磷酸盐和丙酮酸，即使在高氧吸收的情况下也是乳酸的产生。在发育过程中改变辅助酶的水平; NAD-山梨糖醇脱氢酶活性在I II期相间和海藻酶活性期间增加。甘油-3-磷酸酶活性略微下降，果糖-1,6-双磷酸酶-1在发育九天内略微增加。总之，通过糖原促进Ⅰ阶段I（分化）并在很大程度上厌氧条件下的低糖酵解通量表征，而II期（胚胎发生）的特征在于通过糖原燃料的有氧条件下的糖粘性助焊剂增加，除了糖基材的混合物之外那

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