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Tailored Carbon Nanotubes for Tissue Engineering Applications

机译：为组织工程应用量身定制的碳纳米管

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A decade of aggressive researches on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has paved way for extending these unique nanomaterials into a wide range of applications. In the relatively new arena of nanobiotechnology,a vast majority of applications are based on CNTs,ranging from miniaturized biosensors to organ regeneration. Nevertheless,the complexity of biological systems poses a significant challenge in developing CNT-based tissue engineering applications. This review focuses on the recent developments of CNT-based tissue engineering,where the interaction between living cells/tissues and the nanotubes have been transformed into a variety of novel techniques. This integration has already resulted in a revaluation of tissue engineering and organ regeneration techniques. Some of the new treatments that were not possible previously become reachable now. Because of the advent of surface chemistry,the CNT's biocompatibility has been significantly improved,making it possible to serve as tissue scaffolding materials to enhance the organ regeneration. The superior mechanic strength and chemical inert also makes it ideal for blood compatible applications,especially for cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. The applications of CNTs in these cardiovascular surgeries led to a remarkable improvement in mechanical strength of implanted catheters and reduced thrombogenecity after surgery. Moreover,the functional-ized CNTs have been extensively explored for in vivo targeted drug or gene delivery,which could potentially improve the efficiency of many cancer treatments. However,just like other nanomaterials,the cytotoxicity of CNTs has not been well established. Hence,more extensive cytotoxic studies are warranted while converting the hydrophobic CNTs into biocompatible nanomaterials.
机译：十年来对碳纳米管（CNT）的积极研究为将这些独特的纳米材料扩展到广泛的应用铺平了道路。在相对较新的纳米生物技术领域，从微型生物传感器到器官再生，绝大多数应用都是基于碳纳米管的。然而，生物系统的复杂性在开发基于CNT的组织工程应用中提出了重大挑战。这篇综述着重于基于CNT的组织工程的最新发展，其中活细胞/组织与纳米管之间的相互作用已被转化为多种新颖的技术。这种整合已经导致了对组织工程和器官再生技术的重新评估。以前无法实现的一些新治疗现在可以实现。由于表面化学的出现，CNT的生物相容性得到了显着改善，使其有可能用作组织支架材料来增强器官再生。出色的机械强度和化学惰性也使其非常适合血液兼容的应用，尤其是体外循环手术。碳纳米管在这些心血管手术中的应用显着改善了植入导管的机械强度，并减少了术后的血栓形成性。此外，功能化的CNT已被广泛用于体内靶向药物或基因的递送，这可能会提高许多癌症治疗的效率。然而，就像其他纳米材料一样，碳纳米管的细胞毒性还没有被很好地确定。因此，在将疏水性CNT转化为生物相容性纳米材料时，有必要进行更广泛的细胞毒性研究。

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