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Safety of Snake Antivenom Immunoglobulins: Efficacy of Viral Inactivation in a Complete Downstream Process

机译:蛇抗毒免疫球蛋白的安全性:完全下游过程中病毒灭活的功效

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Viral safety remains a challenge when processing a plasma-derived product. A variety of pathogens might be present in the starting material, which requires a downstream process capable of broad viral reduction. In this article, we used a wide panel of viruses to assess viral removal/inactivation of our downstream process for Snake Antivenom Immunoglobulin (SAI). First, we screened and excluded equine plasma that cross-reacted with any model virus, a procedure not published before for antivenoms. In addition, we evaluated for the first time the virucidal capacity of phenol applied to SAI products. Among the steps analyzed in the process, phenol addition was the most effective one, followed by heat, caprylic acid, and pepsin. All viruses were fully inactivated only by phenol treatment; heat, the second most effective step, did not inactivate the rotavirus and the adenovirus used. We therefore present a SAI downstream method that is cost-effective and eliminates viruses to the extent required by WHO for a safe product.
机译:在加工血浆衍生产品时,病毒安全性仍然是一个挑战。起始物中可能存在多种病原体,这需要能够广泛减少病毒的下游过程。在本文中,我们使用了各种各样的病毒来评估蛇抗蛇毒免疫球蛋白(SAI)下游工艺的病毒去除/失活。首先,我们筛选并排除了与任何模型病毒交叉反应的马血浆,该方法以前没有发表过抗蛇毒血清。此外,我们首次评估了应用于SAI产品的苯酚的杀菌能力。在该过程中分析的步骤中,添加苯酚是最有效的步骤,其次是加热,辛酸和胃蛋白酶。所有病毒仅通过苯酚处理即可完全灭活。加热是第二个最有效的步骤,没有使所使用的轮状病毒和腺病毒灭活。因此,我们提出了一种SAI下游方法,该方法具有成本效益,并且可以消除WHO所要求的安全产品的病毒。

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