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首页> 外文期刊>American journal of critical care >Protecting fragile skin: nursing interventions to decrease development of pressure ulcers in pediatric intensive care.
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Protecting fragile skin: nursing interventions to decrease development of pressure ulcers in pediatric intensive care.

机译：保护脆弱的皮肤：在儿科重症监护中减少压疮发展的护理干预措施。

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BACKGROUND: The reported incidence of pressure ulcers in critically ill infants and children is 18% to 27%. Patients at risk for pressure ulcers and nursing interventions to prevent the development of the ulcers have not been established. OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence of pressure ulcers in critically ill children, to compare the characteristics of patients in whom pressure ulcers do and do not develop, and to identify prevention strategies associated with less frequent development of pressure ulcers. METHODS: Characteristics of 5346 patients in pediatric intensive care units in whom pressure ulcers did and did not develop were compared. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine which prevention strategies were associated with less frequent development of pressure ulcers. RESULTS: The overall incidence of pressure ulcers was 10.2%. Patients at greatest risk were those who were more than 2 years old; who were in the intensive care unit 4 days or longer; or who required mechanical ventilation, noninvasive ventilation, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Strategies associated with less frequent development of pressure ulcers included use of specialty beds, egg crates, foam overlays, gel pads, dry-weave diapers, urinary catheters, disposable under-pads, body lotion, nutrition consultations, change in body position every 2 to 4 hours, blanket rolls, foam wedges, pillows, and draw sheets. CONCLUSIONS: The overall incidence of pressure ulcers among critically ill infants and children is greater than 10%. Nursing interventions play an important role in the prevention of pressure ulcers.
机译：背景：据报道，重症婴儿和儿童中压疮的发生率为18％至27％。尚未确定有患压疮风险的患者和预防溃疡发展的护理干预措施。目的：确定重症患儿中压疮的发生率，比较压疮发生和不发展的患者的特征，并确定与压疮较不频繁发生有关的预防策略。方法：比较了5346名小儿重症监护病房发生和不发展为压疮的患者的特征。多元logistic回归用于确定哪些预防策略与压力性溃疡发展频率较低相关。结果：压疮的总发生率为10.2％。风险最大的患者是2岁以上的患者;在重症监护病房4天或更长时间的人;或需要机械通气，无创通气或体外膜氧合的人。与压力性溃疡较不频繁发生相关的策略包括使用专用床，蛋箱，泡沫覆盖物，凝胶垫，干法尿布，导尿管，一次性垫子，润肤露，营养咨询，每2至5分钟改变体位4小时后，铺上橡皮布卷，泡沫楔子，枕头和图纸。结论：危重婴儿和儿童中压疮的总发生率大于10％。护理干预在预防压疮中起着重要作用。

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