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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry >Kinetics and mechanism of the pyridinolysis of diaryl carbonates
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Kinetics and mechanism of the pyridinolysis of diaryl carbonates

机译:吡啶酸吡啶溶液的动力学和机制

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摘要

The reactions of 4-methylphenyl and 4-chlorophenyl 4-nitrophenyl carbonates (1 and 2, respectively), phenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, and 4-nitrophenyl 2,4-dinitrophenyl carbonates (3, 4, 5, and 6, respectively), and bis(2,4-dinitrophenyl) carbonate (7) with a series of pyridines are studied kinetically at 25.0 degrees C in 44wt% ethanol-water and an ionic strength of 0.2 M (KCI). The reactions are followed spectrophotometrically and under excess amine pseudo-first-order rate coefficients (k(obs)) are found. For all these reactions, plots of k(obs) versus free amine concentration at constant pH are linear, the slope (k(N)) being independent of pH. The Bronsted-type plots (log k(N) vs. pK(a) of the conjugate acids of the pyridines) are all biphasic (linear portions at high and low pK(a) and a curvature in between). These plots are in accordance with a stepwise mechanism, through a zwitterionic tetrahedral intermediate (T-+/-), and a change in the rate-determining step from formation of T-+/- to its breakdown to products, as the pyridine basicity decreases. Also studied are the effects of the leaving, non-leaving, and electrophilic groups of the substrate, and of the amine nature, on the pK(a)(0) value (value at the center of curvature of the Bronsted-type plots). Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译:4-甲基苯基和4-氯苯基碳酸酯(分别),苯基,4-甲基苯基,4-氯苯基和4-硝基苯基2,4-二硝基苯基碳酸酯(3,4,5和在24wt%乙醇 - 水中的25.0℃和离子强度为0.2μm(KCl),分别在24wt%的44ws(kci)中,在25.0℃下进行吡啶,分别在25.0℃和离子强度下进行一系列吡啶(2,4-二硝基苯基)碳酸酯(7)。遵循分光光度法和在过量的胺伪一阶速率系数下进行反应(K(OBS))。对于所有这些反应,K(OBS)的图与恒定pH下的游离胺浓度为线性,斜率(K(n))与pH无关。吡啶的缀合物的刚性型图(Log K(N)与PK(A)是所有双相(在高和低PK(A)处的线性部分和曲率)。这些图符合逐步机制,通过两性离子四面体中间体(T - + / - ),以及从形成T - + / - 其析出的速率确定步骤的变化,作为吡啶碱度减少。还研究了基质的离去,未离开和亲电子基团和胺类的效果,在PK(a)(0)值(勃朗斯特型图的曲率中心的值)上。版权所有(C)2008 John Wiley&Sons,Ltd。

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