>Choice behavior among two alternatives has been widely researched, but fewer studies have examined the effect of multiple (more t'/> Choosing among multiple alternatives: Relative and overall reinforcer rates
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Choosing among multiple alternatives: Relative and overall reinforcer rates

机译：选择多种替代方案：亲属和整体加强率

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>Choice behavior among two alternatives has been widely researched, but fewer studies have examined the effect of multiple (more than two) alternatives on choice. Two experiments investigated whether changing the overall reinforcer rate affected preference among three and four concurrently scheduled alternatives. Experiment 1 trained six pigeons on concurrent schedules with three alternatives available simultaneously. These alternatives arranged reinforcers in a ratio of 9:3:1 with the configuration counterbalanced across pigeons. The overall rate of reinforcement was varied across conditions. Preference between the pair of keys arranging the 9:3 reinforcer ratio was less extreme than the pair arranging the 3:1 reinforcer ratio regardless of overall reinforcer rate. This difference was attributable to the richer alternative receiving fewer responses per reinforcer than the other alternatives. Experiment 2 trained pigeons on concurrent schedules with four alternatives available simultaneously. These alternatives arranged reinforcers in a ratio of 8:4:2:1, and the overall reinforcer rate was varied. Next, two of the alternatives were put into extinction and the random interval duration was changed from 60 s to 5 s. The ratio of absolute response rates was independent of interval length across all conditions. In both experiments, an analysis of sequences of visits following each reinforcer showed that the pigeons typically made their first response to the richer alternative irrespective of which alternative was just reinforced. Performance on these three‐ and four‐alternative concurrent schedules is not easily extrapolated from corresponding research using two‐alternative concurrent schedules.
机译： >两个替代方案中的选择行为已被广泛研究，但研究的效果较少（超过两个）选择的替代方案。两项实验调查了改变整体增强剂率是否影响了三个和四个同时预定的替代品之间的偏好。实验1培训了六只鸽子在并发计划中，三种替代品同时可用。这些替代方案以9：3：1的比例排列了增强剂，在鸽子上的构造平衡。整体增强率在条件下变化。在排列9：3的对键之间的偏好比不管整体增强剂速率的3：1加强件比的对排列的极端较低。这种差异是归因于富裕的替代方案，接受每种加强队员的响应少于其他替代方案。实验2培训鸽子在并发计划中，同时有四种替代品。这些替代方案以8：4：2：1的比例排列了增强剂，并且各种增强剂率变化。接下来，将两个替代品投入消失，随机间隔持续时间从60秒改变为5秒。绝对反应率的比率与所有条件的间隔长度无关。在这两个实验中，每个加强杆子之后的访问序列的分析表明，鸽子通常使其对更富有替代的第一反应，而不管哪个替代方案都是加强的。这三个和四个和四个和四个并发计划的性能不易使用双替代并发计划从相应的研究外推。

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