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首页> 外文期刊>American journal of botany >Consanguineous mating, specialization, and the environment: how multiple variable interactions affect the evolution of dioecy. (Special Section: Ecological interactions and the evolution of plant mating systems.)
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Consanguineous mating, specialization, and the environment: how multiple variable interactions affect the evolution of dioecy. (Special Section: Ecological interactions and the evolution of plant mating systems.)

机译：血缘交配，专业化和环境：多重可变相互作用如何影响雌雄同体的进化。 （特别部分：生态相互作用和植物交配系统的演变。）

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Premise: The evolution of dioecy in plants is usually modeled as a consequence of self-fertilization. While increased seed and pollen production and dispersal patterns of specialized unisexuals have been examined, mating among relatives and interaction effects have been largely ignored. Here, we examine multiple variables simultaneously providing a more ecologically realistic set of conditions favoring the evolution of dioecy. Methods: We developed two complementary models to explore the evolution of dioecious plants. In both models, we examined the effects of inbreeding, compensation, and specialization on unisexual invasibility and were able to directly measure the influence of related matings on such a system. Key results: Our results support previous studies indicating dispersal specialization, consanguineous mating, and inbreeding depression facilitate the evolution of dioecy. However, our results suggest that it is the interaction effect of multiple forces acting simultaneously that allows for unisexual invasion at thresholds and frequencies witnessed in nature. Additionally, our results suggest that subdioecious populations often result, and depending on population conditions, dioecy evolves at different rates, lending importance to the ecological and life history conditions of the species. Conclusion: Mating among relatives significantly enhances the invasibility of a unisexual mutant into a hermaphroditic population and lowers the levels of inbreeding depression required for invasion than previously reported conditions for unisexual invasion especially, if we consider multiple pressures simultaneously.
机译：前提：植物中雌雄对体的进化通常是自我受精的结果。虽然研究了增加的种子和花粉产量以及专门单性恋者的传播方式，但亲戚之间的交配和互动影响已被大大忽略。在这里，我们检查了多个变量，同时提供了一组更加生态现实的条件，有利于雌雄对体的进化。方法：我们开发了两个互补模型来探索雌雄异株植物的进化。在这两个模型中，我们研究了近交，补偿和专业化对单性入侵的影响，并能够直接测量相关交配对这种系统的影响。关键结果：我们的结果支持以前的研究，这些研究表明分散专一，近亲交配和近交抑制促进了雌雄同体的进化。但是，我们的结果表明，正是多种力同时作用的相互作用，才使得自然界中所观察到的阈值和频率发生单性入侵。此外，我们的研究结果表明，通常会产生亚种群，并且根据种群条件，雌雄异株的进化速率不同，这对物种的生态和生活史条件至关重要。结论：与以前报道的单性侵害条件相比，亲戚之间的交配显着增强了单性突变体对两性种群的侵入性，并降低了入侵所需的近亲抑郁程度，特别是如果我们同时考虑多种压力。

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