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首页> 外文期刊>Journal Of The South African Institute Of Mining & Metallurgy >Mining with crush pillars
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Mining with crush pillars

机译：用压碎的柱子开采

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摘要

Crush pillars have been extensively applied on the Merensky Reef horizon since the late 1970s. Once in a crushed state, the residual strength of the pillar provides a local support function and must support the hangingwall to the height of the highest known parting. The design of crush pillars is mainly limited to specifying a width to height ratio (w:h) of approximately 2:1. It is also required that a pillar crushes close to the face, while the pillar is being formed. On many mines the crush pillar system is problematic owing to the difficulty of controlling pillar sizes. This is mainly caused by poor drilling and blasting practices. As a result, pillar crushing is not always achieved. Crush pillars are implemented at relatively shallow depth, the pillar dimensions have remained essentially unchanged over many years, and the impact of regional pillars and geological losses contributing to the regional behaviour of the rock mass are overlooked. In many cases the pillar system is the source of seismicity. In this paper, the influence of mining losses (potholes) and the use of sidings are discussed as possible contributors impacting on crush pillar behaviour. A limit equilibrium model implemented in a displacement discontinuity boundary element program is used to demonstrate crush pillar behaviour. The results are compared to the pillar behaviour at an underground investigation site, which supports the preliminary findings.
机译：自20世纪70年代后期以来，粉碎的柱子已广泛应用于Merensky Reef Horizo​​ n。一旦处于压碎状态，柱子的剩余强度提供了局部支持功能，并且必须将悬挂空间支撑到最高已知分离的高度。压碎柱的设计主要限于指定大约2：1的高度比（W：H）的宽度。还需要靠近面部的柱压榨，而柱子正在形成。由于控制柱尺寸的难度，许多矿井挤压柱系统是有问题的。这主要是由钻孔和爆破措施不佳的。结果，并不总是实现柱子压碎。压碎柱的实施深度相对较浅，柱子尺寸在多年上基本保持不变，忽视了区域柱子和地质损失对岩石群众的区域行为的影响被忽视。在许多情况下，柱系统是地震性的来源。本文讨论了采矿损失（坑洼）的影响和使用侧面的使用，以施加对压碎柱行为的可能贡献者。在位移不连续边界元件中实现的极限平衡模型用于展示压碎的柱行为。将结果与地下调查部位的柱子行为进行比较，这支持初步调查结果。

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