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首页> 外文期刊>Journal Of The South African Institute Of Mining & Metallurgy >Limits to artisanal and small-scale mining: evidence from the first kimberlite mines
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Limits to artisanal and small-scale mining: evidence from the first kimberlite mines

机译：限制石英和小规模挖掘：来自第一个金伯利石地雷的证据

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摘要

The number of people involved in artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) has grown quickly to about 40.5 million, compared to 7 million in industrial mining. Furthermore, the ASM sector is contributing significantly to global mineral supply and new opportunities are arising for ASM in an evolving mining ecosystem. Given this growth trend, it is important to ask whether ASM is likely to be successful in the mining of all types of orebodies. The history of early South African diamond mining suggests that the mining of a massive ore deposit by numerous artisanal and small-scale miners is likely to result in poor safety conditions as the depth of mining increases. Early photographs taken at the Kimberley mine showed a very uneven pit floor with leads-lags between the claims. This raises the question of why neighbouring miners did not ensure safer working conditions for each other. Two models described in the paper illustrate why there is likely to be a lack of cooperation and coordination between miners to address this and other safety-related problems. The dynamics of multiple claim holders mining next to one another at increasing depths are analysed, and it is shown that a consolidation of claims into a single firm per kimberlite pipe was required for improved planning, coordination, safety, efficiency, and sustainability.
机译：参与手工和小规模采矿（ASM）的人数迅速增长至约4050万，而工业矿业的700万。此外，ASM部门对全球矿产供应显着贡献，在不断发展的采矿生态系统中，为ASM产生新的机会。鉴于这种增长趋势，重要的是询问ASM是否可能在所有类型的矿体挖掘中取得成功。南非钻石采矿的历史表明，大量手工和小型矿工的矿山矿井的采矿可能导致安全条件差，因为采矿深度增加。在金伯利矿区拍摄的早期照片展示了一个非常不均匀的坑底，索赔之间具有铅滞后。这提出了邻居矿工没有确保更安全的工作条件的问题。论文中描述的两种模型说明了为什么矿工之间可能缺乏合作和协调，以解决这一安全相关的问题。分析了在增加深度彼此彼此相邻的多个索赔持有者在增加深度逐一采集的动态，并表明需要将权利要求的权利要求固定到每个金伯拉特管道中，以改善规划，协调，安全，效率和可持续性。

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