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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of wound, ostomy, and continence nursing: official publication of The Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society >Availability of Public Toilets in Parks and Recreational Sites in Selected US Cities
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Availability of Public Toilets in Parks and Recreational Sites in Selected US Cities

机译：在选定的美国城市公园和娱乐场所的公共厕所的可用性

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PURPOSE: The principal aim of this study was to map and describe the availability of parkland public toilets in major US cities per population and area. DESIGN: Observational and descriptive. SUBJECTS AND SETTING: Data were collected from the following cities: Austin, Texas; Minneapolis-St Paul (MSP), Minnesota; Nashville, Tennessee; New York City (NYC), New York; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; San Francisco, California (SFC); Seattle, Washington; and Tampa, Florida. These cities are located throughout the United States. METHODS: Data from the US Census and cities' parks/recreation departments about publicly owned and operated permanent toilet facilities were analyzed and then mapped using geographic information systems. Toilet density by population and residential area (mi(2)) was calculated, and toilet distribution was visualized. RESULTS: When calculated per 100,000 residents, MSP had the most parkland public toilets with 24; Tampa, Seattle, and Philadelphia had 17 to 22; and Nashville, NYC, and SFC had the fewest, around 7 toilets. Parkland public toilet density per residential area was highest in NYC and Philadelphia (>2/mi(2)), followed by MSP, Seattle, and SFC (1/mi(2)), then Tampa, Austin, and Nashville (<1/mi(2)). The proportion of Census tracts containing parkland public toilets was more than 0.4 in MSP, Seattle, Tampa, and Philadelphia, more than 0.20 in Nashville and Austin, and less than 0.20 in the other cities. Toilet mapping showed fairly even distribution across Census tracts in MSP, Seattle, Tampa, and Philadelphia. CONCLUSIONS: Availability of parkland public toilets was highest in MSP and lowest in SFC. Findings inform WOC nurses for counseling incontinent patients about self-management strategies. Urban planning that provides an adequate number and distribution of parkland public toilets may improve quality of life.
机译：目的：本研究的主要目标是映射和描述每人和地区主要城市的公共厕所的可用性。设计：观察和描述性。主题和环境：从以下城市收集数据：德克萨斯州奥斯汀;明尼阿波利斯 - 圣保罗（MSP），明尼苏达州;田纳西州纳什维尔;纽约（纽约市），纽约;费城，宾夕法尼亚州;旧金山，加利福尼亚州（SFC）;西雅图，华盛顿;和坦帕，佛罗里达州。这些城市都在整个美国。方法：分析了来自美国人口普查和城市公园/娱乐部门的数据，并分析了关于公共拥有和经营的永久厕所设施，然后使用地理信息系统映射。通过群体和住宅区（MI（2））计算卫生间密度，并可观察马桶分布。结果：每100,000名居民计算时，MSP有24间带有24个的公共厕所。坦帕，西雅图和费城有17至22个;和纳什维尔，纽约和证监会都有最少的7个厕所。纽约市和费城（> 2 / MI（2））的Parkland公共厕所密度最高，其次是MSP，西雅图和SFC（1 / MI（2）），然后坦帕，奥斯汀和纳什维尔（<1 / mi（2））。含有Parkland公共厕所的人口普查的比例在MSP，西雅图，坦帕和费城的0.4岁以上，纳什维尔和奥斯汀的0.20多，在其他城市的少于0.20。厕所映射在MSP，西雅图，坦帕和费城的人口普查横跨人口普查甚至分布相当甚至分布。结论：在MSP的MSP公共厕所的可用性最高，SFC中最低。调查结果为WOC护士提供咨询失禁患者的自我管理策略。城市规划提供足够数量和公共厕所的分销可能会提高生活质量。

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