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首页> 外文期刊>American Journal of Potato Research >Identification of late blight, Colorado potato beetle, and blackleg resistance in three Mexican and two south American wild 2x (1EBN) Solanum species
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Identification of late blight, Colorado potato beetle, and blackleg resistance in three Mexican and two south American wild 2x (1EBN) Solanum species

机译：鉴定三种墨西哥和两个南美野生2x（1EBN）茄属植物的晚疫病，科罗拉多马铃薯甲虫和黑腿病

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摘要

Wild potatoes are important sources of genes for resistance to disease and insect pests. A collection of wild Mexican and South American Solanum species from the US potato Genebank was evaluated under laboratory and/or field conditions for their reaction to late blight (Phytophthora infestans), Colorado potato beetle (CPB, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say), and blackleg (Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica (van Hall) Dye) in order to identify individual genotypes with multiple resistance genes. Late blight inoculations using aggressive isolates (US-8/A2 and US-11/A1 mating types) of P. infestans revealed a wide range of variation for resistance between and within the accessions of the wild species tested. For late blight, susceptible as well as moderately to highly resistant genotypes were observed in all the species tested. However, at least one accession from the three Mexican and one South American wild diploid species tested showed a relatively uniform high level of resistance to P. infestans. These included S. bulbocastanum, S. pinnatisectum, S. cardiophyllum, and S. circaeifolium. Two accessions from South American species S. commersonii were highly susceptible to late blight. For the Colorado potato beetle test, only one species, S. pinnatisectum appeared uniformly resistant to CPB under field conditions. Results of screening for blackleg resistance showed that there were major differences between genotypes in the wild species. Accessions of S. circaefolium PI 498119 and S. bulbocastanum PI 243504 were identified as having significantly higher blackleg resistance than cultivated potato and the other wild species tested. However, genotypes from these two accessions were more susceptible to late blight and CPB. Characterization of the P. infestans isolate P1801C.16 used for late blight evaluation and multi-locus isolate tests using US-8/A2 and US-11/A1 races revealed that the resistance in S. pinnatisectum genotypes tested corresponded to a race-non-specific genetic system, which was different from any existing R genes. Solanum pinnatisectum genotypes with both high levels of late blight and CPB resistance as well as blackleg resistance genotypes identified in the present study represent a diverse gene pool that may be useful for development of new potato cultivars with multiple disease and insect resistance. The potential utilization of these valuable sources for improvement of cultivated potato is discussed.
机译：野土豆是抵抗疾病和害虫的重要基因来源。在实验室和/或田间条件下，评估了来自美国马铃薯种质库的野生墨西哥和南美茄属物种的集合，以评估其对晚疫病（疫霉），科罗拉多马铃薯甲虫（CPB，Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say）和黑腿病（Erwinia）的反应为了鉴定具有多个抗性基因的个体基因型，将其命名为carotovora atroseptica（van Hall）Dye。使用侵染性疫霉侵袭性分离株（US-8 / A2和US-11 / A1交配类型）的晚疫病接种显示，测试的野生物种之间和内部的抗性差异很大。对于晚疫病，在所有测试的物种中均观察到易感以及中等至高度抗性的基因型。然而，测试的三个墨西哥和一个南美野生二倍体物种中至少有一个种表现出相对一致的高水平对致病疫霉的抗性。这些包括球茎葡萄球菌，品纳葡萄球菌，心叶葡萄球菌和圆叶葡萄球菌。来自南美种S. commersonii的两个种对晚疫病高度敏感。对于科罗拉多马铃薯甲虫测试，在田间条件下，只有一种物种Pinnatisectum表现出对CPB的均匀抗性。耐黑脚病的筛选结果表明，野生物种的基因型之间存在主要差异。鉴定到，圆叶链球菌PI 498119和鳞茎链球菌PI 243504的种质具有比栽培马铃薯和其他测试的野生种显着更高的黑腿病抗性。然而，来自这两个种的基因型更易受晚疫病和CPB的影响。对用于晚疫病评估和使用US-8 / A2和US-11 / A1种族的多位点隔离株测试的致病疫霉分离株P1801C.16的表征显示，所测试的羽扇菌基因型的抗性对应于非种族。特定的遗传系统，不同于任何现有的R基因。具有较高水平的晚疫病和CPB抗性的羽扇豆基因型以及本研究中确定的黑腿病抗性基因型代表了多样化的基因库，可用于开发具有多种疾病和昆虫抗性的新马铃薯品种。讨论了这些有价值的资源对改良栽培马铃薯的潜在利用。

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