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Modulation of the Somatotropic Axis : Implications for Growth Hormone Receptor and its Downstream Target Genes Regulation in Periparturient Dairy Cows

机译:躯体轴的调节:对生长激素受体的影响及其在围页乳制奶牛中的下游靶基因调节

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摘要

Growth hormone (GH) is a peptide hormone secreted from the pituitary gland that controls normal postnatal growth and regulates physiological processes including carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. GH also stimulates liver to release Insulin-like growthfactor-I (IGF-1) , which in turn controls growth and metabolism as well. In addition, GH antagonizes insulin action in several tissues and regulates a nutrient partitioning effect. GH activity can be regulated at the level of growth hormone receptor (GHR) or intracellular signal transduction and with catabolic situations such as parturition, malnutrition, infection and disease occurrence may lead to a state of GH resistance. GH resistance is characterized by reduced circulating IGF-I despite unchangedor increased plasma GH level. In circulation, most of the IGFs exist in ternary complexes composed of IGF-I or -II, IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-3 or -5 and acid labile subunit (ALS). ALS is synthesized primarily in liver in a GH-dependent manner (Ooi et al"1998; Woelfle and Rotwein, 2004). Incorporation of free IGF-in these ternary complexes extends its half-life from minutes to over15 h10' n).
机译:生长激素(GH)是一种从垂体腺体中分泌的肽激素,其控制正常产后生长并调节包括碳水化合物和脂质代谢的生理过程。 GH还刺激肝脏释放胰岛素样生长活转体-1(IGF-1),这又控制了生长和代谢。此外,GH拮抗胰岛素作用在几种组织中并调节营养分配效果。 GH活性可以在生长激素受体(GHR)或细胞内信号转导水平上,并且随着分解代谢情况,如分娩,营养不良,感染和疾病发生可能导致GH抗性的状态。尽管不振的血浆GH水平,但是,GH电阻的特征在于循环IGF-1。在循环中,大多数IGF存在于由IGF-I或-II,IGF结合蛋白(IGFBP)-3或-5和酸不稳定亚基(ALS)组成的三元复合物中。 ALS主要以GH依赖的方式(OOI等)(OOI等人)在肝脏中合成(OOI等人); WOFLE和ROTWEIN,2004)。在这些三元复合物中掺入这些三元复合物的半衰期从分钟到超过15h10')。

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