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首页> 外文期刊>American Journal of Physical Anthropology >Physical growth and nutritional status of Tsimane' Amerindian children of lowland Bolivia
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Physical growth and nutritional status of Tsimane' Amerindian children of lowland Bolivia

机译：玻利维亚低地的Tsimane的美洲印第安人孩子的身体生长和营养状况

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This study examines patterns of growth and nutritional status of indigenous Tsimane' children under 9 years of age (n = 199 boys and 210 girls), based on a cross-sectional sample from 58 villages from the Beni Deparment of lowland Bolivia. Compared with US children, Tsimane' children are quite short, with linear growth tracking at or below the US 5th centile in both sexes. The prevalence of low height-for-age (stunting; HA Z-scores -2) is 52% in boys and 43% in girls. In contrast, weight-for-height in Tsimane' children approximates the US median, with the prevalence of low weight-for-height (wasting; WH Z-scores -2) being only 4% and 6% in boys and girls, respectively. Tsimane' boys and girls are leaner than their US peers, but their levels of body fatness are not so low as to indicate severe energy stress. Arm muscularity of Tsimane' children is similar to that of their US age peers, and this suggests that they are not experiencing acute protein malnutrition. Variation in measures of nutritional status of Tsimane' children is modestly correlated with village-level differences. Degree of isolation, as measured by distance to urban centers or to primary forest, was not a strong predictor of children's anthropometric status. Rather, in both boys and girls, nutritional status was most strongly associated with number of teachers in the village, a measure of access to education. Comparative analyses indicate that high levels of statural growth stunting are common among indigenous populations throughout lowland South America. This problem appears to be largely attributable to poor dietary quality (diets low in key micronutrients) and high disease loads. Further research is needed to identify the specific causes and potential interventions for the high rates of childhood growth stunting in this region.
机译：这项研究基于来自玻利维亚低地贝尼省的58个村庄的横断面样本，研究了9岁以下的本地Tsimane儿童的生长和营养状况（n = 199个男孩和210个女孩）。与美国的孩子相比，Tsimane的孩子很矮，男女之间的线性增长轨迹都在美国的第5个百分点或以下。低年龄段身高（昏迷; HA Z评分-2）的患病率在男孩中为52％，女孩为43％。相比之下，Tsimane儿童的身高体重近似美国中位数，男孩和女孩中低身高体重（消瘦; WH Z评分-2）的患病率分别仅为4％和6％。 。 Tsimane的男孩和女孩比美国同龄人更苗条，但是他们的身体脂肪含量并不低，以至于显示出严重的能量压力。 Tsimane的孩子的手臂肌肉与美国同龄孩子的手臂肌肉相似，这表明他们没有出现急性蛋白质营养不良。 Tsimane的孩子的营养状况测量值的变化与村庄水平的差异有一定的相关性。根据与城市中心或原始森林的距离来衡量的孤立程度，并不是儿童人体测量状态的有力预测指标。相反，在男孩和女孩中，营养状况与乡村教师人数密切相关，这是接受教育的程度。比较分析表明，在整个南美低地的土著居民中，高水平的发育迟缓现象很普遍。这个问题似乎主要归因于饮食质量差（关键微量营养素饮食低）和疾病负担高。需要进一步的研究，以查明该地区儿童生长迟缓的高发率的具体原因和潜在的干预措施。

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