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首页> 外文期刊>American journal of primatology >Adaptability in Stone Tool Use by Wild Capuchin Monkeys (Sapajus libidinosus)
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Adaptability in Stone Tool Use by Wild Capuchin Monkeys (Sapajus libidinosus)

机译：野生卷尾猴（Sapajus libidinosus）在使用石材工具方面的适应性

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Capuchinmonkeys are well known for population variation in the use of stone tools and the types of food items consumed. In order to determine adaptability in stone tool use, we investigated a never before studied population of wild capuchin monkey (Sapajus libidinosus) displaying terrestrial habits in a Caatinga environment. To carry out this study we recorded physical evidence of the use of stone tools as well as made direct observations through trap cameras. During a 15-month period, we studied a group of Sapajus libidinosus in Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brazil. In total, 257 anvils and 395 hammers were identified, characterized, and monitored. We identified five types of food items exploited at these "tool use sites": Syagrus oleracea (catolé palm), Manihot epruinosa (manioc), Pilosocereus pachycladus(facheiro), Tacinga inamoena (quípa), and Commiphora leptophloeos (imburana de camb?o). Five hundred three video clips of capuchin monkeys were recorded, 43 of which involved the use of stone tools. The results indicated evidence of adaptability in tool use by the capuchins. We verified that the rigidity and size of the food item, along with the presence or absence of spines seem to influence the choice of stone tools made by the animals for processing the food. The recurring use of tools for the processing of cacti was especially noteworthy and it appears that the presence of spines predisposes the capuchins to use stones to process them. A significant difference was observed between the characteristics of the anvils and the weight of the hammers according to the food item consumed. The use of tools enabled the animals to access otherwise unavailable or difficult to acquire food items within a Caatinga habitat. Adaptability in the use of stone tools by the capuchin monkey population of Serra Talhada provides an example of the complexity that these primates demonstrate in food processing.
机译：Capuchinmonkeys因使用石器工具和食用的食物类型而发生种群变异而闻名。为了确定在石器工具使用中的适应性，我们调查了在卡廷加环境中表现出陆生习性的野生卷尾猴（Sapajus libidinosus）从未研究过的种群。为了进行这项研究，我们记录了使用石材工具的物理证据，并通过陷阱照相机进行了直接观察。在15个月的时间里，我们研究了巴西伯南布哥州Serra Talhada的一组Sapajus libidinosus。总共确定，表征和监视了257个砧座和395个锤子。我们确定了在这些“工具使用场所”利用的五种食品：S菜（Syagrus oleracea），cat（Manihot epruinosa）（manioc），Pilosocereus pachycladus（facheiro），Tacinga inamoena（quípa）和Commiphora leptophloeos（imburana de camb？o ）。录制了533条卷尾猴的视频剪辑，其中43条涉及使用石器工具。结果表明，卷尾猴在工具使用方面具有适应性。我们验证了食物的刚度和大小以及是否有刺似乎会影响动物加工食物所用石制工具的选择。反复使用加工仙人掌的工具特别值得注意，而且看来刺的存在使卷尾猴倾向于使用石头来加工它们。根据所食用的食物，观察到砧座的特性和锤子的重量之间存在显着差异。工具的使用使动物能够在Caatinga栖息地内获得否则无法获得或难以获得的食物。塔拉哈达的卷尾猴种群对石器工具使用的适应性提供了这些灵长类动物在食品加工中证明的复杂性的一个例子。

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