Introducing thermodynamics through energy, entropy

De Abreu R.; Guerra V.

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Introducing thermodynamics through energy, entropy

机译：通过能量，熵介绍热力学

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We suggest a simple approach to introducing thermodynamics, beginning with the concept of internal energy of deformable bodies. From a series of thought experiments involving ideal gases, we show that the internal energy depends on the volume, on a second parameter, leading to the development of the concept of entropy. By introducing entropy before the notions of temperature, heat, the proposed approach avoids some of the major conceptual difficulties with the traditional presentation. The relationship between mechanics, thermodynamics naturally emerges, mechanics corresponding to isentropic thermodynamics. The questions of evolution to equilibrium, irreversibility are studied under the light of the action of the "dynamic force", its dissipative character, evincing the benefits of keeping in mind the microscopic picture.

机译：我们建议一种简单的方法来引入热力学，从可变形体内部能量的概念开始。通过一系列涉及理想气体的思想实验，我们表明内部能量取决于体积和第二个参数，从而导致了熵概念的发展。通过在温度，热的概念之前引入熵，所提出的方法避免了传统表示方法的一些主要概念困难。力学，热力学之间的关系自然而然地出现，力学与等熵热力学相对应。根据“动态力”的作用及其耗散特性，研究了向平衡，不可逆性演化的问题，这表明了记住微观图像的好处。

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《American journal of physics》 |2012年第7期|共11页
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De Abreu R.; Guerra V.;
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正文语种 eng
中图分类物理学;
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1. Introducing thermodynamics through energy, entropy [J] . De Abreu R., Guerra V. American journal of physics . 2012,第7期

机译：通过能量，熵介绍热力学
2. Equivalence of energy, entropy, and thermodynamic potentials in relation to the thermodynamic equilibrium of multitemperature gas mixtures [J] . Giordano D. Physical review, E. Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics . 1998,第3aPta1期

机译：与多温度气体混合物的热力学平衡有关的能量，熵和热力学势的当量
3. Physicochemical attack against solid tumors based on the reversal of direction of entropy flow: an attempt to introduce thermodynamics in anticancer therapy [J] . Liaofu Luo, Joseph Molnar, Hui Ding, Diagnostic pathology . 2006,第0期

机译：基于熵流方向逆转的针对实体瘤的物理化学攻击：在抗癌治疗中引入热力学的尝试
4. AN EASIER APPROACH TO INTRODUCE ENTROPY IN UNDERGRADUATE THERMODYNAMICS CLASSES [C] . Yousef Haseli ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition . 2019

机译：在本科热力学课程中引入熵的一种更简单的方法
5. Strain energy density and thermodynamic entropy as prognostic measures of crack initiation in aluminum. [D] . Ontiveros, Victor Luis. 2014

机译：应变能密度和热力学熵作为铝中裂纹萌生的预后指标。
6. Physicochemical attack against solid tumors based on the reversal of direction of entropy flow: an attempt to introduce thermodynamics in anticancer therapy [O] . Liaofu Luo, Joseph Molnar, Hui Ding, 2006

机译：基于熵流方向逆转的针对实体瘤的理化攻击：尝试在抗癌治疗中引入热力学
7. The thermodynamic changes that occur upon mixing five models of formamide and three models of water, including the miscibility of these model combinations itself, is studied by performing Monte Carlo computer simulations using an appropriately chosen thermodynamic cycle and the method of thermodynamic integration. The results show that the mixing of these two components is close to the ideal mixing, as both the energy and entropy of mixing turn out to be rather close to the ideal term in the entire composition range. Concerning the energy of mixing, the OPLS/AA-mod model of formamide behaves in a qualitatively different way than the other models considered. Thus, this model results in negative, while the other ones in positive energy of mixing values in combination with all three water models considered. Experimental data supports this latter behavior. Although the Helmholtz free energy of mixing always turns out to be negative in the entire composition range, the majority of the model combinations tested either show limited miscibility, or, at least, approach the miscibility limit very closely in certain compositions. Concerning both the miscibility and the energy of mixing of these model combinations, we recommend the use of the combination of the CHARMM formamide and TIP4P water models in simulations of water-formamide mixtures. [O] . Kiss, Bálint, Fábián, Balázs, Idrissi, Abdenacer, 2017

机译：通过使用适当选择的热力学循环和热力学积分方法进行蒙特卡罗计算机模拟，研究了将五种甲酰胺模型和三种水模型混合在一起时发生的热力学变化，包括这些模型组合本身的可混溶性。结果表明这两种组分的混合接近于理想的混合，因为混合的能量和熵在整个组成范围内都非常接近理想的项。关于混合的能量，甲酰胺的OPLS / AA-mod模型与其他模型相比，在质量上有不同的表现。因此，该模型得出的结果是负的，而其他模型则综合考虑了所有三个水模型的结果的正能量。实验数据支持后一种行为。尽管混合的亥姆霍兹自由能在整个组成范围内始终为负，但大多数测试模型组合显示出有限的混溶性，或至少非常接近某些组合物的混溶性极限。关于这些模型组合的可混溶性和混合能量，我们建议在水-甲酰胺混合物的模拟中使用CHARMM甲酰胺和TIP4P水模型的组合。
8. The Thermodynamic Properties of Technetium and Rhenium Compounds.VII. Heats of Formation of Rhenium and Rhenium Tribromide. Free Energies and Entropies [R] . J. P. King, J. W. Cobble 1959

机译：锝和铼化合物的热力学性质.VII。铼和三溴化铼的生成热。自由能和熵

Introducing thermodynamics through energy, entropy

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