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Food preferences of wild mountain gorillas

机译：野生山地大猩猩的食物偏好

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Determining the nutritional and phenolic basis of food preference is important for understanding the nutritional requirements of animals. Preference is a measure of which foods would be consumed by an animal if there was no variation in availability among food items. From September 2004 to August 2005, we measured the food preferences of four wild mountain gorilla groups that consume foliage and fruit in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda, to determine what nutrients and phenols are preferred and/or avoided. To do so, we asked the following questions: (1) Which plant species do the gorillas prefer? (2) Considering the different plant parts consumed of these preferred species, what nutrients and/or phenols characterize them? (3) Do the nutritional and phenolic characteristics of preferred foods differ among gorilla groups? We found that although some species were preferred and others were not, of those species found in common among the different group home ranges, the same ones were generally preferred by all groups. Second, all groups preferred leaves with relatively high protein content and relatively low fiber content. Third, three out of four groups preferred leaves with relatively high sugar amounts. Fourth, all groups preferred pith with relatively high sugar content. Finally, of the two groups tested, we found that the preferred fruits of one group had relatively high condensed tannin and fiber/sugar contents, whereas the other group's preferred fruits were not characterized by any particular nutrient/phenol. Overall, there were no differences among gorilla groups in nutritional and phenolic preferences. Our results indicate that protein and sugar are important in the diets of gorillas, and that the gorillas fulfil these nutritional requirements through a combination of different plant parts, shedding new light on how gorillas balance their diets in a variable environment.
机译：确定食物偏爱的营养和酚类基础对于理解动物的营养需求很重要。偏好是一种衡量动物食用哪些食物的信息，如果食物之间的可用性没有变化。从2004年9月到2005年8月，我们测量了乌干达布恩迪难以穿越的国家公园中四个食用树叶和果实的野生山地大猩猩的食物偏好，以确定哪些营养物质和酚类是优选和/或避免的。为此，我们提出了以下问题：（1）大猩猩喜欢哪种植物？ （2）考虑到这些优选物种消耗的植物部位不同，它们具有哪些营养成分和/或酚类特征？ （3）大猩猩组之间首选食物的营养和酚类特性是否有所不同？我们发现，尽管某些物种是优选的，而其他物种却不是，但在不同的种群家园范围内常见的那些物种中，所有种群通常都优选相同的物种。第二，所有组均优选蛋白质含量较高且纤维含量较低的叶片。第三，四分之三的偏爱叶片含糖量相对较高。第四，所有群体都喜欢含糖量相对较高的髓。最后，在测试的两组中，我们发现一组的首选水果的单宁和纤维/糖含量较高，而另一组的首选水果则没有任何特定的营养素/酚。总体而言，大猩猩组在营养和酚类偏好方面没有差异。我们的结果表明，蛋白质和糖在大猩猩的饮食中很重要，并且大猩猩通过组合不同的植物部分来满足这些营养要求，从而为大猩猩在可变环境中如何平衡饮食提供了新的思路。

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