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首页> 外文期刊>Allergy >Wheeze in infancy: Protection associated with yeasts in house dust contrasts with increased risk associated with yeasts in indoor air and other fungal taxa
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Wheeze in infancy: Protection associated with yeasts in house dust contrasts with increased risk associated with yeasts in indoor air and other fungal taxa

机译：婴儿期喘息：与室内灰尘中的酵母菌相关的保护与室内空气中的酵母菌和其他真菌类群相关的风险增加形成对比

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Background While fungal exposures are assumed to provoke wheeze through irritant or allergenic mechanisms, little is known about the differential effects of indoor and outdoor fungi on early-life wheeze. Methods In a Boston prospective birth cohort of 499 at-risk infants, culturable fungi in bedroom air and dust and outdoor air were measured at the age of 2-3 months. Wheeze was determined using bimonthly telephone questionnaires. Odds ratios were estimated for an interquartile increase in fungal natural log-transformed concentrations, adjusting for predictors of wheeze and potential confounders. Results Increased odds of 'any wheeze' (≥1 vs 0 episodes) by age one were positively associated with indoor dust Alternaria [odds ratio (OR) = 1.83; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07-3.14], Penicillium [OR = 1.18; (0.98-1.43)], and Cladosporium [OR = 1.47; (1.16-1.85)]; indoor air Penicillium [OR = 1.26; (0.92-1.74)]; and outdoor air Cladosporium [OR = 1.68; (1.04-2.72)]. In contrast, indoor dust yeasts were protective [OR = 0.78; (0.66-0.93)]. 'Frequent wheeze' (≥2 vs <2 episodes) by age one was borderline associated with dust yeasts [OR = 0.86; (0.70-1.04)] and indoor air yeasts [OR = 1.53; (0.93-2.53)]. Alternaria concentration was associated with any wheeze for children with maternal mold sensitization [OR = 9.16; (1.37-61.22)], but not for those without maternal mold sensitization [OR = 1.32; (0.79-2.20)]. Conclusions While wheeze rates were higher with exposures to fungal taxa considered to be irritant or allergenic in sensitive subjects, yeasts in the home had a strong protective association with wheeze in infancy. Molecular microbiologic studies may elucidate specific components of innate microbiologic stimulants that lead to contrasting effects on wheeze development.
机译：背景技术虽然真菌暴露被认为是通过刺激性或过敏原机制引起喘息的，但人们对室内和室外真菌对早期喘息的差异影响知之甚少。方法在波士顿的499名高危婴儿的前瞻性出生队列中，测量2-3个月大时卧室空气，灰尘和室外空气中的可培养真菌。使用每两个月一次的电话调查表确定喘息。估计真菌自然对数转化浓度四分位数增加的几率，并调整了喘息的预测因素和潜在的混杂因素。结果随着年龄的增长，“任何喘息”几率（≥1vs 0发作）的增加与室内尘埃链霉菌的发生呈正相关[比值比（OR）= 1.83; 95％置信区间（CI），1.07-3.14]，青霉菌[OR = 1.18; （0.98-1.43）]，和Cladosporium [OR = 1.47; （1.16-1.85）];室内空气青霉菌[OR = 1.26; （0.92-1.74）];和室外空气Cladosporium [OR = 1.68; （1.04-2.72）]。相反，室内尘埃酵母具有保护作用[OR = 0.78; （（0.66-0.93）]。一岁时的“频繁喘息”（≥2vs <2次发作）与尘埃酵母有关[OR = 0.86; （0.70-1.04）]和室内空气酵母菌[OR = 1.53; （0.93-2.53）]。儿童母亲霉菌致敏患儿的交链孢菌浓度与任何喘息相关[OR = 9.16; （1.37-61.22）]，但不适用于未产妇出现霉菌过敏的患者[OR = 1.32; （0.79-2.20）]。结论虽然敏感人群被认为具有刺激性或致敏性的真菌类群接触引起的喘息发生率较高，但家中的酵母菌与婴儿期的喘息有很强的保护性联系。分子微生物学研究可以阐明先天性微生物刺激物的特定成分，这些成分会导致对喘息发育的相反影响。

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