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首页> 外文期刊>American Zoologist >Developmental data and phylogenetic systematics: evolution of the vertebrate limb
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Developmental data and phylogenetic systematics: evolution of the vertebrate limb

机译：发展数据和系统发育学系统：脊椎动物肢体的进化

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Among the primary contributions of phylogenetic systematics to the synthesis of developmental biology and evolution are phylogenetic hypotheses. Phylogenetic hypotheses are critical in interpreting the patterns of evolution of developmental genes and processes, as are morphological data. Using a robust phylogeny, the evolutionary history of individual morphological or developmental features can be traced and ancestral conditions inferred. Multiple characters (e.g., morphological and developmental) can be mapped together on the phylogeny, and patterns of character association can be quantified and tested for correlation. Using the vertebrate forelimb as an example, I show that by mapping accurate morphological data (homologous skeletal elements of the vertebrate forelimb) onto a phylogeny, an alternative interpretation of Hox gene expression emerges. Teleost fishes and tetrapods may share no homologous skeletal elements in their forelimbs, and thus similarities and differences in Hox patterns during limb development must be reinterpreted. Specifically, the presence of the phase III Hox pattern in tetrapods may not be correlated with digits but rather may simply be the normal expression pattern of a metapterygium in fishes. This example illustrates the rigorous hypotheses that can be developed using morphological data and phylogenetic methods.
机译：系统发育假说是系统发育学对发育生物学和进化综合的主要贡献之一。系统发育假说与形态学数据一样，对于解释发育基因和过程的进化模式至关重要。使用强大的系统发育系统，可以追踪个体形态或发育特征的进化历史并推断祖先条件。可以将多个字符（例如形态和发育）一起映射到系统发育上，并且可以量化字符关联的模式并测试其相关性。以脊椎动物的前肢为例，我表明通过将准确的形态学数据（脊椎动物的前肢的同源骨骼元素）映射到系统发育上，出现了Hox基因表达的另一种解释。硬骨鱼类和四足动物的前肢可能没有相同的骨骼元素，因此必须重新解释肢体发育过程中Hox模式的异同。具体而言，四足动物中III Hox期模式的存在可能与数字无关，而可能只是鱼类中翼状g肉的正常表达模式。此示例说明了可以使用形态学数据和系统发育方法开发的严格假设。

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