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Age differences in the neural correlates of novelty processing: The effects of item-relatedness

机译：新奇处理神经相关性的年龄差：物品相关性的影响

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Past research finds that age-related increases in false recognitions are a key contributor to age-related memory decline, suggesting that older adults have difficulty in correctly distinguishing between new and old information, particularly when new items at retrieval are semantically or perceptually related to items from encoding. However, little work has examined the neural mechanisms older adults engage to avoid false recognitions and successfully identify information as novel. In the present study, young and older adults were scanned during a retrieval task in which new items were exemplars from studied categories (related lures) or unstudied categories (unrelated lures) in order to detect age-related differences in the neural correlates of related and unrelated novelty processing. Results showed that, unlike young adults, older adults did not differentially recruit regions such as the anterior cingulate and bilateral middle/inferior temporal gyms to capitalize on the salient categorical differences in unrelated items. Likewise, older adults did not differentially recruit regions of early visual cortex or anterior hippocampus, suggesting that older adults have difficulty using item-specific details to make successful related novelty decisions. Instead, older adults recruited bilateral ventrolateral prefrontal cortex differentially for successful novelty processing and particularly for related novelty processing. Overall, results suggest that age deficits in novelty processing may arise because older adults process related and unrelated lures similarly and do not capitalize on categorical or item-specific properties of novel items. Similar to aging patterns in memory retrieval, results also showed that older adults have the strongest novelty success activity in lateral PFC regions associated with control and monitoring processes.
机译：过去的研究发现，虚假承认的年龄相关的增加是年龄相关的记忆下降的主要贡献者，这表明老年人难以在新闻和旧信息之间正确区分，特别是当检索的新项目是语义上或感知与物品相关时从编码。然而，小型工作已经审查了老年人的神经机制互动，以避免虚假的认可并成功地将信息识别为小说。在目前的研究中，在检索任务期间扫描年轻人和老年人，其中新项目是来自研究的类别（相关诱饵）或不相关的类别（无关诱饵），以检测相关和相关的年龄相关性差异无关的新奇处理。结果表明，与年轻成年人不同，老年人没有差异招募地区，如前卷曲和双边中/下颞健身房，以利用无关项目的突出分类差异。同样，老年人没有差异地招募早期视觉皮质或前海马的地区，这表明老年人难以使用项目特定细节来取得成功的相关新颖决策。相反，老年人互相招募了双侧腹外侧前额外皮层，以实现成功的新颖性处理，特别是对于相关的新颖性处理。总体而言，结果表明，新颖性处理中的年龄赤字可能会出现，因为老年人的进程相关和无关的诱惑同样，不要利用新颖物品的分类或特定物品特定属性。与内存检索中的老化模式类似，结果也表明，老年人在与控制和监测过程相关联的横向PFC区域中具有最强的新颖性成功活动。

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