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Wild Birds Learn Songs from Experimental Vocal Tutors

机译：野生鸟从实验声乐辅导员学习歌曲

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摘要

In eight groups of animals, including humans and songbirds, juveniles are understood to learn vocalizations by listening to adults []. Experimental studies of laboratory-reared animals support this hypothesis for vocal learning [], yet we lack experimental evidence of vocal learning in wild animals. We developed an innovative playback technology involving automated loudspeakers that broadcast songs with distinctive acoustic signatures. We used this technology to simulate vocal tutors in the wild and conducted year-long tutoring sessions to five cohorts of free-living migratory Savannah Sparrows in eastern Canada. We confirm that wild birds learn songs by listening to adult conspecific animals, and we show that they pass these songs on to subsequent generations. Further, we provide the first experimental evidence in the wild that the timing of exposure to tutor song influences vocal learning: wild Savannah Sparrows preferentially learn songs heard during both their natal summer and at the outset of their first breeding season. This research provides direct experimental evidence of song learning by wild animals and shows that wild birds learn songs during two critical stages of development early in life.Video AbstractDisplay Omitted.
机译：在八组动物中，包括人类和鸣禽，少年被理解为通过听成人学习发声[]。实验室饲养的动物的实验研究支持这种声音学习的假设[]，但我们缺乏野生动物声乐学习的实验证据。我们开发了一种创新的播放技术，涉及自动扬声器，广播具有独特声学签名的歌曲。我们利用这项技术模拟了野外的声乐导师，并在加拿大东部的自由居住的迁徙犹太人麻雀进行了一年长的辅导课程。我们确认野生鸟类通过听取成人的成熟动物学习歌曲，我们表明他们将这些歌曲传递给后续几代。此外，我们提供了野外的第一个实验证据，使导师歌曲的冲突的时间影响声乐学习：野生大草原麻雀优先学习歌曲在他们的诞生夏天和他们的第一次繁殖季节开始时听到歌曲。本研究提供了野生动物歌曲学习的直接实验证据，并显示野生鸟类在生命早期的两个关键阶段学习歌曲。省略了抽象的摘要。

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