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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Dynamics of flowering of male and female inflorescence and pollen germination of hazel in the conditions of the Banja Luka region
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Dynamics of flowering of male and female inflorescence and pollen germination of hazel in the conditions of the Banja Luka region

机译：Banja Luka地区条件下榛子雄性和花粉萌发的动态及花粉萌发

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Studying the hazel flowering was carried out in agro-ecological conditions of the Banja Luka in the period from December to March during 2010/2011 and 2011/2012. The study was conducted on 13 hazel cultivars in two orchards. In the first orchard, thefollowing four cultivars were observed: 'Tankoljuskasti', 'Multiflora', 'Merveille de Bollwiller'and 'Tonda Gentile Romana', whilst the second orchard included the following: 'Hall's Giant', 'Gustav's Zellernuss', Tstrian Round', 'Avellana', 'Romai', 'Apolda', 'Ludolph's Zellernuss', 'Imperiale de Trebizonde'and 'jean's'. Phenological observations of the development of flowering phenophase with the aforementioned cultivars were monitored every three days in both years. In 2010/2011 the blooming of maleand female inflorescence of the observed hazel cultivars lasted from late December to mid-March in total. The presence and pollen germination was proven to be a limiting factor for a successful pollination and fruit set in 2011. Namely, the pollen of cultivars: 'Hall's Giant', 'Istrian Round', 'Ludolph's Zellernuss', 'Avellana', 'Imperiale de Trebizonde' and 'Romai' did not germinate, and with 'Gustav's Zellernuss', pollen germination was very low (7,22%). In 'Apolda', 'Jean's', 'Merveille de Bollwiller', 'Tonda Gentile Romana', 'Multiflora' and 'Tankoljuskasti' pollen germination ranged between 28,57-81,69%. In 2011/2012 the flowering of male and female inflorescence of the observed hazel cultivars started 30 to 45 days later than the previous year i.e., female inflorescence of all the observed cultivars bloomed in early and mid-March, except in 'Tankoljuskasti', in which female inflorescence bloomed in late January and early February. Male inflorescence of 'Tankoljuskasti', 'Hall's Giant' and 'Gustav's Zellernuss' bloomed in the second half of January and early February, and in all other cultivars in mid-March. Pollen germination in 2012 proved to be a limiting factor for 'Apolda' and 'Romai', as their pollen did not germinate, as well as for 'Hall's Giant' and 'Jean's' where pollen germination was below 5%. For other cultivars, pollen germination was very good and ranged from 37,24 ('Merveille de Bollwiller') to 73,97% ('Multiflora'). Based on the analysis of dynamics of blooming and pollen germination of 13 hazel cultivars in two years, the monitoring of pollen germination and strategy of artificial pollination must be adopted as a basic approach to control hazel fertility in the conditions of the Banja Luka region.
机译：在2010年12月到2010年12月至2011/2012年度，在12月至3月的Banja Luka的农业生态条件下进行了榛子开花。该研究是在两个果园中的13种榛子品种上进行。在第一个果园中，观察到四种品种：'tankoljuskasti'，'multiflora'，'Merveille de bollwiller'和'tonta genlile romana'，虽然第二个果园包括以下内容：'Hall's Giant'，'Gustav's Zellernuss'，Tstrian圆形'，'avellana'，'romai'，'apolda'，'ludolph's zellernuss'，'Imperiale de trebizonde'and'jean''。在两年内每三天监测上述品种开花苯相糖的候观察。 2010年2010年2010/2011年，观测到的榛子品种的Maleand女性花序从12月下旬到3月中旬持续。被证明的存在和花粉萌发是2011年成功授粉和果实含量的限制因素。即，品种的花粉：'霍尔的巨头'，'istrian round'，'ludolph's zellernuss'，'avellana'，'Imperiale De Trebizonde'和'Romai'没有发芽，并且随着“Gustav的Zellernuss”，花粉萌发非常低（7,22％）。在'Apolda'，'Jean's'，'Merveille de Bollwiller'，'Tonda Gentile Romana'，'Multiflora'和'Tankoljuskasti'Pollen发芽范围在28,57-81,69％之间。 2011/2012年，观察到的榛子品种的男性和女性花序开花于前一年后开始30至45天，即3月初和3月中旬的所有观测到的品种的女性花序，除了'tankoljuskasti'， 1月下旬和2月初的哪种女性花序绽放。 1月下半叶和2月初的'Tankoljuskasti'，'Hall's Giant'和'Gustav的Zellernuss'和'Gustav的Zellernuss'，以及3月中旬的所有其他品种。 2012年花粉萌发被证明是“Apolda”和“罗马”的限制因素，因为他们的花粉没有发芽，以及“霍尔的巨头”和“吉恩”，花粉萌发低于5％。对于其他品种，花粉萌发非常好，范围从37,24（'Merveille de Bollwiller'）到73,97％（'multiflora'）。基于两年内13个榛子品种的盛开和花粉萌发动力学的分析，必须采用对人工授粉的花粉萌发和战略的监测作为控制Banja Luka地区条件下的淡褐色肥的基本方法。

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