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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Flowering phenology and flower quality of cultivars 'Arbequina', 'Koroneiki' and 'PicuaP in different environments of southern Spain
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Flowering phenology and flower quality of cultivars 'Arbequina', 'Koroneiki' and 'PicuaP in different environments of southern Spain

机译：南西班牙南部不同环境中栽培品种“Arbequina”，'koroneiki'和'Picuap的开花候选和花卉品质

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Olive cultivation has been expanding worldwide over the last decades. The expansion to new growing areas with different environmental conditions and the threat of climate change require knowledge of genetic and environmental influences on olive production, to which the phenology and quality of flowering are critical. The IFAPA olive breeding program of Cordoba, Spain, has established comparative trials located in different agro-climatic conditions of Andalucia, southern Spain for testing the responseof cultivars and breeding selections to varied environments. This study reports initial results (two years) for flowering of Arbequina', 'Koroneiki' and 'Picual' in four locations: three trials in typical olive growing areas Antequera (AN) and Baena (BA), both under rainfed conditions, and (J bed a (UB) with drip irrigation, and the fourth, also with drip irrigation, in Gibraleon (GI), a location with mild winter temperatures at the limit of the Andalusian area of olive cultivation. We observed flowering phenology, bloom period, and flower quality, and assessed the relative influences of genetic and environmental factors and their interaction. Flowering phenology showed high variability among the different growing areas, with earliest full bloom (65)in GI for all cultivars (late April). GI also presented the longest blooming period (around 45 days) for all cultivars, while, 'Koroneiki' had the longest blooming period for all locations overall. In flower quality, we observed significant differences both for environments and cultivars. UB showed the best inflorescence quality, with the highest percentage of perfect (hermaphrodite) flowers (PF%), while BA showed the worst PF%, possibly related to both lime-filled soils and rainfed conditions. However,in spite of differences among growing areas, the cultivars consistently presented the same order of PF% in all locations, with highest PF% in 'Arbequina', followed by 'Koroneiki' and finally 'Picual'.
机译：在过去的几十年中，橄榄种植一直在全球范围内扩大。扩大与不同环境条件不同的新生长领域以及气候变化威胁需要了解橄榄生产的遗传和环境影响，开花的候选和质量至关重要。西班牙科尔多瓦的IFAPA橄榄养殖计划已经建立了位于西班牙南部和阿达卢西亚的不同农业气候条件的比较试验，用于测试品种和育种选择对各种环境的反应。本研究报告了四个地区的Arbequina'，'Koroneiki'和“皮肤”开花的初始结果（两年）：在雨水条件下，典型橄榄种植区的三项试验，均在雨水条件下，（ J型床A（UB）带滴灌，第四，在Gibraleon（GI）中，在Gibraleon（GI）中，在Gibraleon（GI）中，一个位置温和的冬季温度，在橄榄栽培中的安达卢西亚地区的极限下。我们观察到开花候选，盛开时期和花卉质量，并评估了遗传和环境因素的相对影响及其相互作用。开花候选在各种品种（4月下旬）中最早的盛开（65）的不同生长面积中的变异性。GI也提出了所有品种的最长盛开时期（大约45天），而“Koroneiki”的所有地点都有最长的盛开时期。在花卉质量方面，我们观察到环境和品种的显着差异。UB显示出来他最好的花序质量，完美（雌雄同体）花（PF％）的最高百分比，而BA显示最差的PF％，可能与石灰填充的土壤和雨量条件有关。然而，尽管种植区域之间存在差异，但品种始终如一地在所有地点呈现相同的PF％顺序，最高的PF％在“arbequina”中，其次是“Koroneiki”，最后是“皮肤”。

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