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Germplasm diversification - a kiwi perspective on tools and strategies

机译：种质多样化 - 一种关于工具和策略的思维视角

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The international ornamentals industry is benefiting from perennial plants developed in New Zealand (NZ) such as begonia Bonfire, limonium Sinzii, and the gentian Showtime series. The 'Bonfire' series of begonia, with its distinctively new flower shape, was released in the year 2000. While flower and foliage colour were important; architectural form, vigour and floral productivity were key selection criteria. Understanding the underlying physiology of plant architecture (physiologically informed breeding) was key in the introduction of subsequent new cultivars to the series. These screening criteria allowed us to evaluate annually ten times more begonia seedlings per season. Planting of limonium Sinzii continues to expand exponentially: in 2018/19 plantings almost doubled compared with those of the previous year. The limonium Sinzii range resulted from successful hybridisation between Limonium sinuatum and L. perezii. Embryo culture, chromosome doubling, and backcrossing were some of the in vitro and in vivo tools and strategies applied to achieve the current range. The sterile gentian 'Little Pinkie' was another plant developed using wide crosses and embryo rescue. As with other gentians in the Showtime series, a physiologically informed breedingstrategy was used. In the case of 'Little Pinkie', an understanding of how crown buds arise was used to generate at least double the number of shoots on propagules. This has underpinned the success of this crop for us, and our industry partners. The preceding examples illustrate how, for each crop species, our breeding programmes have diversified germplasm, through exploiting a diverse skill base within the team. Our conclusion is that our most successful examples of breeding programmes have been thosein which plant breeders, plant physiologists, in vitro specialists, horticulturalists, and marketers are all actively engaged.
机译：国际典范产业从新西兰（新西兰）开发的常年植物受益，例如秋海棠篝火，Limonium Sinzii和Gentian Showtime系列。 “篝火”一系列的秋海棠，其鲜明的新鲜花卉形状在2000年发布。虽然花和叶子颜色很重要;建筑形式，活力和花卉生产力是关键选择标准。了解植物建筑（生理上知情繁殖）的潜在生理学是在将随后的新品种引入该系列的关键。这些筛查标准使我们允许我们每季比幼岛幼苗更多地评估十倍。 Sinzii的种植继续呈指数级：2018/19年的种植与上一年相比几乎翻了一番。 Limonium Sinzii范围是由于褐藻窦和L.Perezii之间的成功杂交。胚胎培养，染色体倍增和回复是其中一些体外，体内工具和施用策略，施加达到电流范围。无菌龙胆'Little Pinkie'是使用宽跨越和胚胎救援开发的另一个植物。与Showtime系列中的其他绅士一样，使用了一个生理上通知的繁殖术。在“小小的人的小小的”的情况下，了解冠芽的出现方式如何在繁殖中产生至少两次拍摄的射击数量。这为美国和行业合作伙伴提供了这一作物的成功。前面的实施例说明了如何为每个作物物种，我们的繁殖计划具有多样化的种质，通过利用团队内的各种技能基础。我们的结论是，我们最成功的育种计划的例子是植物育种者，植物生理学家，体外专家，园艺师和营销人员都积极参与的植物。

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