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Different factors involved in the low fruit set of mango (Mangifera indica)

机译：涉及低水果套芒果（Mangifera indica）的不同因素

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摘要

Mango (Mangifera indica) is a tropical fruit tree originated in southeastern Asia, which is cultivated in regions with tropical and subtropical climates worldwide. Mango cultivation has significantly increased in the last decades, often spreading to areas where environmental conditions are not the most favorable for optimal fruit set. In this work, we describe the reproductive biology of mango in the coastal areas of southern Spain, the furthest region from the equator where mango is produced commercially at a significant scale. As in other regions, mango trees produced several inflorescences per tree with hundreds to thousands of male and hermaphrodite flowers, depending on the cultivar, but only a very small percentage of the flowers are able to set fruits due to a massive drop of flowers and fruitlets. Although about half of the flowers in the inflorescence are male flowers and, consequently, contribute to this massive drop, a high proportion of the hermaphrodite flowers were not receptive to pollen germination. In receptive flowers, the characterization of the pollen tube pathway within the pistil showed chalazogamy. A detailed study of the ovules indicates that a high proportion of them showed degenerated embryo sacs, both before and after fertilization. Paternity analysis with molecular markers showed a high proportion of embryos resulting from self-pollination in orchards planted with a single cultivar. However, without pollination restrictions, the offspring shows a higher proportion of genotypes resulting from cross-pollination, suggesting preferential cross-fertilization. The variable response of this parameter, together to the variable proportion of hermaphrodite/male flower ratio, also obtained in response to environmental conditions, suggests a reproductive plasticity in this species.
机译：芒果（Mangifera indica）是起源于东南亚的热带果树，在全球热带和亚热带气候的地区培养。芒果培养在过去几十年中大幅增加，通常蔓延到环境条件不是最有利的最佳水果套装。在这项工作中，我们描述了西班牙南部沿海地区的芒果生殖生物学，来自赤道的最远的地区，其中芒果以显着规模商业生产。与其他地区一样，芒果树每棵树生产几棵树，数百至数千名男性和雌雄同体花，这取决于品种，但只有一个非常小的鲜花百分比能够设置由于鲜花和水果滴下降而设定水果。虽然花序中大约一半的花朵是雄性花朵，因此有助于这种大规模的下降，高比例的雌雄同体花卉不接受花粉萌发。在接受的花朵中，雌蕊内花粉管途径的表征显示了胆唑。对胚珠的详细研究表明，它们的高比例显示在受精之前和之后的退化胚囊。具有分子标记的亲子鉴定显示出高比例的胚胎，由种植单一品种种植的果园中的自我授粉。然而，没有授粉限制，后代显示出较高比例的基因型，由交叉授粉引起，表明优先的交叉施肥。该参数的可变响应以及响应环境条件的雌雄同体/雄性花比的可变比例表明了该物种的生殖塑性。

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  • 来源
    《Acta Horticulturae》 |2019年第1231期|共5页
  • 作者

    V. Perez; M. Herrero; J.I. Hormaza;

  • 作者单位

    Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterranea La Mayora IHSM UMA-CSIC 29750 Algarrobo-Costa Malaga Spain;

    Estaci6n Experimental Aula Dei-CSIC. Av. Montanana 1005 50059 Zaragoza Spain;

    Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterranea La Mayora IHSM UMA-CSIC 29750 Algarrobo-Costa Malaga Spain;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 园艺;
  • 关键词

    reproductive biology; pollen tube; pollen germination; ovule; paternity;

    机译：生殖生物学;花粉管;花粉萌发;胚珠;父亲;

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