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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Efficacy of mechanical thinning of apple in Poland
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Efficacy of mechanical thinning of apple in Poland

机译：苹果机械稀疏在波兰的疗效

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Trials on mechanical thinning were firstly carried out in Poland starting in 2008 and, thereafter, continued in 2009 and 2010 on 'Gala Must', 'Jonagored' and 'Pinova', apple trees grafted on M.9 rootstocks. Ten different treatments were established on each cultivar: four of them were mechanically thinned setting the Baum device at two tractor speeds (5 or 7.5 km h1) and two rotors speed (360-380 and 420-460 rpm). All cultivars were thinned mechanically when the flower buds were at the balloon stage andthe king flowers mostly opened. In some treatments, mechanical thinning was integrated by chemical thinning with NAA (Pomonit Super 050 SLJ at 20 mL 100 L1 when fruitlets diameter was 10-12 mm or by hand thinning performed after June drop. Trees thinnedwith NAA or by hand only, were used as additional control. Mechanical thinning reduced fruit set, depending upon apple cultivar and combination of tractor and rotors speed. NAA reduced fruit set more efficiently than mechanical thinning, especially in 'Gala Must' and 'Jonagored'. NAA combined with mechanical thinning strongly reduced fruit set in 'Gala' and 'Jonagored' and increased average fruit weight, skin colour and yield of marketable fruit percent in 'Pinova', and 'Gala Must'. Hand thinning increased the mechanical thinning efficacy in 'Pinova', 'Gala Must' and 'Jonagored', but not as much as NAA application. Hand thinning integration strongly reduced fruit set and increased average fruit weight in all cultivars, especially in 'Gala Must' and 'Pinova', and improved the skin red colour in 'Jonagored'.
机译：在2008年开始，首先在波兰开展机械变薄的试验，此后，2009年和2010年继续在“Gala”，'jonagored'和'Pinova'，苹果树嫁接在M.9砧木上。在每种品种上建立十种不同的处理：其中四种是机械变薄，以两个拖拉机速度（5或7.5 km H1）和两个转子速度（360-380和420-460rpm）机械稀释。当花蕾在气球阶段，当花蕾在气球阶段和国王鲜花大部分打开时，所有品种都会机械变薄。在一些处理中，通过用Naa（Pomonit Super 050 SLj在20mL 100L1）的化学稀释时整合机械稀化，当前滴水直径为10-12mm时或通过手工稀释时进行。仅使用NAA或手工薄树。使用作为额外的控制。机械稀释的水果套装，取决于苹果品种和拖拉机和转子速度的组合。NAA减少的水果套装比机械变薄更有效，尤其是在'Gala必须'和'jonagor''。Naa结合机械稀释强烈降低水果在'jonagor'和'jonagored'中设置的水果体重增加，肤色的平均水果重量，皮肤颜色和销售水果百分比的百分比，并“加拉必须”。手工变薄在“Pinova”中的机械稀释效果增加了“Pinova”，'Gala必须增加'和'jonagored'，但不如naa应用。手稀释整合强烈减少了水果套装，增加了所有品种的平均水果重量，特别是在'Gala必须'和'Pinova'，并改进在'jonagored'中的皮肤红色。

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