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首页> 外文期刊>Birth defects research, Part A. Clinical and molecular teratology >Medications used to treat nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and the risk of selected birth defects
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Medications used to treat nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and the risk of selected birth defects

机译：用于治疗恶心和呕吐以及某些先天性缺陷风险的药物

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BACKGROUND Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) occurs in up to 80% of pregnant women, but its association with birth outcomes is not clear. Several medications are used for the treatment of NVP; however, data are limited on their possible associations with birth defects. METHODS Using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS)-a multi-site, population-based, case-control study-we examined whether NVP or its treatment was associated with the most common noncardiac defects in the NBDPS (nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate [CL/P], cleft palate alone [CP], neural tube defects, and hypospadias) compared with randomly selected nonmalformed live births. RESULTS Among the 4524 cases and 5859 controls included in this study, 67.1% reported first-trimester NVP, and 15.4% of them reported using at least one agent for NVP. Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy was not associated with CP or neural tube defects, but modest risk reductions were observed for CL/P (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77-0.98) and hypospadias (aOR = 0.84; 95% CI, 0.72-0.98). Regarding treatments for NVP in the first trimester, the following adjusted associations were observed with an increased risk: proton pump inhibitors and hypospadias (aOR = 4.36; 95% CI, 1.21-15.81), steroids and hypospadias (aOR = 2.87; 95% CI, 1.03-7.97), and ondansetron and CP (aOR = 2.37; 95% CI, 1.18-4.76), whereas antacids were associated with a reduced risk for CL/P (aOR = 0.58; 95% CI, 0.38-0.89). CONCLUSIONS NVP was not observed to be associated with an increased risk of birth defects; however, possible risks related to three treatments (i.e., proton pump inhibitors, steroids and ondansetron), which could be chance findings, warrant further investigation.
机译：背景技术高达80％的孕妇都会发生恶心和妊娠呕吐（NVP），但尚不清楚与妊娠结局的关系。几种药物可用于治疗NVP。但是，有关其与先天缺陷的可能关联的数据有限。方法使用来自全国出生缺陷预防研究（NBDPS）的数据（一项基于人群的多地点病例对照研究），我们检查了NVP或其治疗是否与NBDPS中最常见的非心脏缺陷（非综合征性唇left裂）相关与随机选择的非畸形活产婴儿相比，有或没有without裂[CL / P]，仅c裂[CP]，神经管缺损和尿道下裂）。结果本研究包括的4524例病例和5859例对照中，有67.1％报告了孕早期NVP，其中有15.4％报告了至少使用一种NVP药物。恶心和妊娠呕吐与CP或神经管缺陷无关，但观察到CL / P的风险降低适度（校正比值比[aOR] = 0.87; 95％的置信区间[CI]，0.77-0.98）和尿道下裂（ aOR = 0.84; 95％CI，0.72-0.98）。关于头三个月的NVP治疗，观察到以下经调整的关联具有更高的风险：质子泵抑制剂和尿道下裂（aOR = 4.36; 95％CI，1.21-15.81），类固醇和尿道下裂（aOR = 2.87; 95％CI ，1.03-7.97）和恩丹西酮和CP（aOR = 2.37; 95％CI，1.18-4.76），而抗酸药可降低CL / P风险（aOR = 0.58; 95％CI，0.38-0.89）。结论未观察到NVP与出生缺陷风险增加有关。但是，可能是偶然发现的与三种治疗方法（即质子泵抑制剂，类固醇和恩丹西酮）相关的潜在风险值得进一步研究。

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