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首页> 外文期刊>Aquaculture >Substituting fish meal with soybean meal in diets for Japanese seabass (Lateolabrax japonicus): Effects on growth, digestive enzymes activity, gut histology, and expression of gut inflammatory and transporter genes
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Substituting fish meal with soybean meal in diets for Japanese seabass (Lateolabrax japonicus): Effects on growth, digestive enzymes activity, gut histology, and expression of gut inflammatory and transporter genes

机译：用豆粕用豆粕替代日本苏巴斯（Lateolabrax Japonicus）：对生长，消化酶活性，肠道组织学和肠道炎症和转运基因的表达的影响

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of substituting fish meal (FM) with soybean meal (SM) on growth performance, digestive enzymes activity, gut histology, and intestinal pro-inflammatory and transporter genes expression in Japanese seabass (Lateolabrax japonicus). Totally three test diets were prepared: a basal FM-based diet and two SM diets by substituting 50 or 75% of FM with SM (FM, SM50 and SM75 diets). Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of fish (6.67 +/- 0.03 g) to apparent satiation twice a day for eight weeks. The results showed no significant (P > 0.05) differences in growth performance between FM and SM50 groups while further increment of replacement level to 75% led to a significantly (P 0.05) reduced growth rate. However, both SM50 and SM75 groups showed significantly lower feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio than FM group. Significantly lower digestibility coefficients of dry matter and protein were achieved in the group received SM75 diet and digestibility coefficient of gross energy decreased in both SM50 and SM75 groups. Also, SM75 fed fish exhibited remarkably lower survival rate than the other treatments. SM75 group had lower whole-body protein and lipid contents than FM fed fish. Drastic decreases in protease, amylase and lipase activities were found in foregut of SM groups compared to FM group. Offering SM75 diet resulted in significant reduction of villus height, villus thickness, and muscular thickness in foregut and midgut. A remarkable increase in serum D-lactate concentration was detected in SM groups, and serum diamine oxidase activity elevated in SM75 group. Replacement of FM resulted in elevated expression of gut pro-inflammatory genes such as TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-8 while an opposed trend was observed for the anti-inflammatory gene IL-4. Expression of intestinal transporter genes including PepT1, LAT1 and SLC1A5 were significantly up-regulated by SM replacement. To conclude, replacing 50% of FM with SM did not significantly influence growth performance, but adverse effects were found on feed utilization, digestive enzymes activity and gut health being more evident at the higher replacement level.
机译：本研究的目的是评估用大豆膳食（SM）替代鱼粉（FM）对生长性能，消化酶活性，肠道组织学和肠道促炎和转运基因的影响的影响，日本苏巴斯（Leteolabrax japonicus） 。制备了三种测试饮食：通过用SM（FM，SM50和SM75饮食）来代替50或75％的FM（FM，SM50和SM75饮食）基于基于FM的饮食和两种SM饮食。每次饮食将每一份鱼（6.67 +/- 0.03g）一式三份，每天两次饱食两次，持续八周。结果表明，FM和SM50组之间的生长性能没有显着（p> 0.05）差异，而置换水平的进一步增量至75％导致了显着的增长率（P <0.05）。然而，SM50和SM75组均显着降低饲料效率和蛋白质效率比FM组。显着降低的干物质和蛋白质的消化系数和蛋白质在该组中获得的SM75饮食和总能量的消化系数在SM50和SM75组中减少。此外，SM75喂养的鱼类表现出比其他治疗的成本较低。 SM75组的全身蛋白质和脂质含量低于FM Fed Fish。与FM组相比，在SM组的前肠组中发现蛋白酶，淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性的蛋白酶，淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性的急剧下降。提供SM75饮食导致绒毛高度，绒毛厚度和肌肉厚度的显着减少，在前肠和中肠。在SM组中检测到血清D-乳酸浓度的显着增加，SM75组中血清二胺氧化酶活性。替换FM导致肠道促炎基因如TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-2，IL-8的升高表达，而抗炎基因IL-4观察到相反的趋势。包括Pept1，Lat1和SLC1a5在内的肠道转运蛋白基因的表达通过SM更换显着上调。为了得出结论，用SM取代50％的FM并没有显着影响生长性能，但在饲料利用，消化酶活性和肠道健康处发现不利影响在更高的更换水平上更明显。

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