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首页> 外文期刊>Agronomy Journal >Optimizing Plant Density and Plastic Film Mulch to Increase Maize Productivity and Water-Use Efficiency in Semiarid Areas
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Optimizing Plant Density and Plastic Film Mulch to Increase Maize Productivity and Water-Use Efficiency in Semiarid Areas

机译：优化植物密度和塑料膜覆盖以提高半干旱地区的玉米生产力和水分利用效率

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Increasing crop productivity in semiarid areas is essential for ensuring future food security. We hypothesized that crop yield could be increased by using plastic film mulching to reduce evaporation and increase plant density. A 3-yr field experiment was conducted on the Loess Plateau of China to evaluate the effects of soil temperature and water content on maize (Zea mays L.) grain yield (GY) and water-use efficiency (WUE). Film mulching promoted maize growth and development by increasing the soil temperature and water content, particularly during the early growth season. At harvest, the mulched treatments had higher kernel numbers per ear (KN) and greater 1000-kernel weight (KW) than non-mulched treatment. Furthermore, mulching allowed the optimum plant population to be increased from 65,000 to 85,000 plants ha(-1). Compared with mulching for the entire growing season, removing the film at the silking stage decreased the plant senescence rate and slightly increased the final KN and KW, thus further increasing the GY by 0.6 to 1.2 Mg ha(-1). Although the WUE showed no significant difference among the three mulched treatments (34.0-47.2 kg ha(-1) mm(-1)), these values were markedly higher than that in the non-mulched treatment (20.3-29.6 kg ha(-1) mm(-1)). We conclude that film mulching together with increased plant density can increase semiarid maize yields and water-use efficiency
机译：在半干旱地区提高作物生产力对于确保未来的粮食安全至关重要。我们假设通过使用塑料膜覆盖可以减少作物蒸发并增加植物密度，从而可以提高农作物的产量。在中国黄土高原地区进行了为期3年的田间试验，以评估土壤温度和水分含量对玉米（Zea mays L.）谷物产量（GY）和水分利用效率（WUE）的影响。地膜覆盖通过提高土壤温度和水分含量，特别是在生长早期，促进了玉米的生长和发育。收获时，与非覆盖处理相比，覆盖处理的单耳籽粒数（KN）和1000内核重（KW）高。此外，覆盖使最佳植物种群从65,000株增加到85,000株ha（-1）。与覆盖整个生长季的覆盖相比，在蚕丝期去除覆膜降低了植物的衰老率，并略微增加了最终的KN和KW，从而使GY进一步提高了0.6至1.2 Mg ha（-1）。尽管WUE在三种覆盖处理（34.0-47.2 kg ha（-1）mm（-1））之间没有显示显着差异，但这些值显着高于非覆盖处理（20.3-29.6 kg ha（-） 1）毫米（-1））。我们得出的结论是，覆盖地膜和增加植物密度可以提高半干旱玉米的产量和水分利用效率

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