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首页> 外文期刊>Annals of Botany >Xylem structure of four grape varieties and 12 alternative hosts to the xylem-limited bacterium Xylella fastidious
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Xylem structure of four grape varieties and 12 alternative hosts to the xylem-limited bacterium Xylella fastidious

机译：木质部限制细菌Xylella的4个葡萄品种和12个替代寄主的木质部结构

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Background and Aims The bacterium Xylella fastidiosa (Xf), responsible for Pierce's disease (PD) of grapevine, colonizes the xylem conduits of vines, ultimately killing the plant. However, Vitis vinifera grapevine varieties differ in their susceptibility to Xf and numerous other plant species tolerate Xf populations without showing symptoms. The aim of this study was to examine the xylem structure of grapevines with different susceptibilities to Xf infection, as well as the xylem structure of non-grape plant species that support or limit movement of Xf to determine if anatomical differences might explain some of the differences in susceptibility to Xf.Methods Air and paint were introduced into leaves and stems to examine the connectivity between stem and leaves and the length distribution of their vessels. Leaf petiole and stem anatomies were studied to determine the basis for the free or restricted movement of Xf into the plant.Key Results There were no obvious differences in stem or petiole vascular anatomy among the grape varieties examined, nor among the other plant species that would explain differences in resistance to Xf. Among grape varieties, the more tolerant 'Sylvaner' had smaller stem vessel diameters and 20% more parenchyma rays than the other three varieties. Alternative hosts supporting Xf movement had slightly longer open xylem conduits within leaves, and more connection between stem and leaves, when compared with alternative hosts that limit Xf movement.Conclusions Stem-leaf connectivity via open xylem conduits and vessel length is not responsible for differences in PD tolerance among grape varieties, or for limiting bacterial movement in the tolerant plant species. However, it was found that tolerant host plants had narrower vessels and more parenchyma rays, possibly restricting bacterial movement at the level of the vessels. The implications of xylem structure and connectivity for the means and regulation of bacterial movement are discussed.
机译：背景和目的造成葡萄树皮尔斯氏病（PD）的快速木杆菌（Xylella fastidiosa，Xf）定植在葡萄树的木质部导管中，最终杀死了植物。但是，欧洲葡萄品种对Xf的敏感性不同，并且许多其他植物品种可以耐受Xf种群而没有出现症状。这项研究的目的是研究对Xf感染有不同敏感性的葡萄的木质部结构，以及支持或限制Xf运动的非葡萄植物物种的木质部结构，以确定解剖学差异是否可以解释某些差异。方法将空气和涂料引入叶片和茎中，以检查茎与叶片之间的连通性及其容器的长度分布。对叶柄和茎的解剖结构进行了研究，以确定Xf自由或受限制地进入植物的基础。主要结果在所检查的葡萄品种中，以及在其他可能产生的植物种类中，茎或叶柄的血管解剖结构均无明显差异。解释抗Xf的差异。在葡萄品种中，比其他三个品种耐受性更强的“ Sylvaner”具有较小的茎管直径和实质壁厚20％。与限制Xf运动的替代寄主相比，支持Xf运动的替代寄主在叶片内的开放木质部导管稍长，茎与叶之间的连接更多。结论通过开放木质部导管和叶管长度的茎叶连通性不是造成Xf移动的原因。葡萄品种之间的PD耐受性，或用于限制耐性植物物种中细菌的移动。但是，已发现耐性寄主植物的容器较窄，薄壁组织射线更多，可能限制了细菌在容器水平上的移动。讨论了木质部结构和连通性对细菌运动的方式和调控的影响。

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