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首页> 外文期刊>Annals of Botany >Alien introgression in the grasses Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) and Festuca pratensis (meadow fescue): the development of seven monosomic substitution lines and their molecular and cytological characterization
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Alien introgression in the grasses Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) and Festuca pratensis (meadow fescue): the development of seven monosomic substitution lines and their molecular and cytological characterization

机译：草的多年生黑麦草（多年生黑麦草）和草羊茅（外来羊茅）的外来生物渗入：七个单体替代系的发展及其分子和细胞学特征

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Background and Aims To address the issues associated with food security, environmental change and bioenergy in the context of crop plants, the production, identification and evaluation of novel plant phenotypes is fundamental. One of the major routes to this end will be wide hybridization and introgression breeding. The transfer of chromosomes and chromosome segments between related species (chromosome engineering or alien introgression) also provides an important resource for determining the genetic control of target traits. However, the realization of the full potential of chromosome engineering has previously been hampered by the inability to identify and characterize interspecific introgressions accurately.Methods Seven monosomic substitution lines have been generated comprising Festuca pratensis as the donor species and Lolium perenne as the recipient. Each of the seven lines has a different L. perenne chromosome replaced by the homoeologous F. pratensis chromosome (13 L. perenne + 1 F. pratensis chromosome). Molecular markers and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) were used to assign the F. pratensis chromosomes introgressed in each of the monosomic substitutions to a specific linkage group. Cytological observations were also carried out on metaphase I of meiosis in each of the substitution lines.Results A significant level of synteny was found at the macro-level between L. perenne and F. pratensis. The observations at metaphase I revealed the presence of a low level of interspecific chromosomal translocations between these species.Discussion The isolation of the seven monosomic substitution lines provides a resource for dissecting the genetic control of important traits and for gene isolation. Parallels between the L. perenne/F. pratensis system and the Pooideae cereals such as wheat, barley, rye, oats and the model grass Brachypodium distachyon present opportunities for a comparison across the species in terms of genotype and phenotype.
机译：背景和目的为了解决与农作物有关的粮食安全，环境变化和生物能源相关的问题，新型植物表型的生产，鉴定和评估至关重要。为此目的的主要途径之一将是广泛的杂交和基因渗入育种。相关物种之间的染色体和染色体区段的转移（染色体工程或外来基因渗入）也为确定靶性状的遗传控制提供了重要资源。然而，由于无法准确地鉴定和表征种间的基因渗入，以前阻碍了染色体工程的全部潜力的实现。方法已产生了七个单体替代品系，其中包括Festuca pratensis作为供体物种，Lolium perenne作为受体。这七个品系中的每条品系都有一个不同的紫苏染色体，被同源的紫苏染色体（13紫苏+ 1禾本科染色体）取代。分子标记和基因组原位杂交（GISH）用于将每个单体取代中渗入的F. pratensis染色体分配给特定的连接基团。还对每个替代系的减数分裂中期I进行了细胞学观察。结果在紫苏和草之间的宏观水平上发现了显着的同义水平。在中期I的观察结果表明，这些物种之间存在较低水平的种间染色体易位。讨论分离出七个单体替代系为解剖重要性状的遗传控制和基因分离提供了资源。 L. perenne / F。之间平行普拉特（Pratensis）系统和Pooideae谷物（例如小麦，大麦，黑麦，燕麦）和模型草Brachypodium distachyon提供了在基因型和表型之间进行比较的机会。

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