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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science/Zeitschrift fur acker-und pflanzenbau >Water-use efficiency of maize may be increased by the plant growth regulator paclobutrazol
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Water-use efficiency of maize may be increased by the plant growth regulator paclobutrazol

机译：植物生长调节剂Paclobutrazol可能增加玉米的水使用效率

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摘要

Contradictory results of the paclobutrazol (PAC) effect on maize plants were obtained under semiarid compared to well-watered conditions with grain yield improvements versus depressions, respectively. In addition, maize cultivars differed in their reactions to similar PAC dosages. Thus, in the present study PAC was applied in the appropriate dosage at growth stage V5 to six maize cultivars (Zea mays L. cvs. Amanova, Severeen, Hubble, Galactus, Fabregas, Pioneer 3906) grown in a container experiment under well-watered conditions. PAC caused significant decreases in plant height, increases in culm diameter and reduced transpiration rates in comparison with the untreated control plants. At anthesis, start and duration of pollen production, start of silking and anthesis-silking interval (ASI) were mostly unaffected by PAC application. Senescence of PAC-treated plants was delayed by one week. Apart from cultivar Galactus, PAC treatment caused significant grain yield reductions between 9% and 20%, which were solely based on decreases in kernel number because higher single kernel weights were obtained. In all cultivars, reductions in straw yield of 28% to 49% were achieved with PAC application, which were responsible for significant improvements of the harvest index by 8%-36%. PAC-treated plants showed reduced water consumption (11%-21%), resulting in significantly improved WUEgrain during the critical period of kernel setting of the cultivars Amanova, Severeen, Galactus and Fabregas. The results indicate that PAC treatment of maize plants bears several advantages such as reduced water demand and improved water-use efficiency (WUE), higher mechanical strength of the stalk and an enhanced harvest index. Possible grain yield decreases per plant under well-watered conditions could be counteracted by moderate increases in plant density, yet concurrently this might diminish some of the beneficial PAC effects.
机译：在半干旱条件下，多效唑（PAC）对玉米植株的影响与水分充足条件下的结果相矛盾，分别表现为谷物产量的提高和降低。此外，玉米品种对相似PAC剂量的反应不同。因此，在本研究中，在生长阶段V5，以适当剂量向六个玉米品种（玉米品种Amanova、Severeen、哈勃、Galactius、Fabregas、先锋3906）施用PAC，这些品种在容器试验中在充分浇水的条件下生长。与未经处理的对照植物相比，PAC导致植株高度显著降低，茎秆直径增加，蒸腾速率降低。在开花期，花粉产生的开始和持续时间、吐丝开始和开花吐丝间隔（ASI）大部分不受PAC施用的影响。PAC处理的植株衰老延迟了一周。除了品种Galactis之外，PAC处理导致了9%到20%之间的显著谷物产量降低，这完全是基于粒数的减少，因为获得了更高的单粒重。在所有品种中，施用PAC可使秸秆产量降低28%至49%，从而使收获指数显著提高8%-36%。PAC处理的植株耗水量降低（11%-21%），导致Amanova、Severeen、Galactis和Fabregas等品种在结实关键期的WUEgrain显著改善。结果表明，PAC处理玉米植株具有减少需水量、提高水分利用效率（WUE）、提高茎秆机械强度和提高收获指数等优点。在水分充足的条件下，植株密度的适度增加可能会抵消单株粮食产量的下降，但同时这可能会减少一些有益的PAC效应。

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