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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology >Enslaved bacteria as new hope for plant biotechnologists [Review]
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Enslaved bacteria as new hope for plant biotechnologists [Review]

机译：奴役细菌成为植物生物技术人员的新希望[综述]

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摘要

The most distinguishing feature of the plant cell is a DNA-containing organelle that sets plants apart from all other organisms: the chloroplast. Compelling evidence supports an endosymbiotic origin for chloroplasts. According to this theory, chloroplasts are descendants of formerly free-living cyanobacterial ancestors which entered an endosymbiotic relationship with a pre-eukaryotic cell and were ultimately integrated into the metabolism of the host cell. Chloroplasts retain many prokaryotic features and their gene expression system still closely resembles that of their eubacterial ancestors. During the past decade, our knowledge about chloroplast biology has benefited immensely from a most remarkable methodological breakthrough: the development of transformation technologies for chloroplast genomes. Moreover, recent advances in the manipulation of higher plant chloroplast genomes have created unprecedented opportunities for the genetic engineering of plants and promise to overcome many of the problems associated with conventional transgenic technologies. This review describes the state of the art in genetic engineering of higher plant chloroplast genomes and highlights the tremendous potential of these technologies for the biotechnology of the future. [References: 59]
机译：植物细胞最显着的特征是含有DNA的细胞器，可将植物与所有其他生物（叶绿体）区分开。有力的证据支持叶绿体的内共生起源。根据该理论，叶绿体是以前自由活动的蓝细菌祖先的后代，这些祖先与真核前细胞进入了内共生关系，并最终整合到宿主细胞的代谢中。叶绿体保留了许多原核生物特征，其基因表达系统仍与其真细菌祖先的相似。在过去的十年中，我们对叶绿体生物学的了解得益于最显着的方法突破：叶绿体基因组转化技术的发展。此外，在更高的植物叶绿体基因组的操纵方面的最新进展为植物的基因工程创造了前所未有的机会，并有望克服许多与常规转基因技术相关的问题。这篇综述描述了高等植物叶绿体基因组遗传工程的最新技术，并强调了这些技术对于未来生物技术的巨大潜力。 [参考：59]

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