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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Geography >Curtailing grazing-induced erosion in a small catchment and its environs, the Peak District, Central England
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Curtailing grazing-induced erosion in a small catchment and its environs, the Peak District, Central England

机译：减少英格兰中部山顶地区一个小流域及其周围地区的放牧诱发的侵蚀

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摘要

Eroding slopes within a small catchment in the Peak District, Central England, and its environs have been monitored since 1966. A reduction in sheep grazing pressure in the late 1960s, due to a harsh winter and a poor crop of lambs, led to colonisation of bare soil on lower slopes, but not on higher exposed slopes. Sheep grazing pressure was permanently reduced in the 1980s as part of a new grazing regime. Many formerly eroding sheep scars in the small catchment have over time become completely colonised by vegetation and only those scars still actively used by sheep remain. It took two decades before vegetation began to invade the bare soil on the higher slopes. There, it was not until all the peat and the underlying leached (Ea) soil horizon was stripped off that vegetation was re-established. Colonisation is a rapid process and c.80% of the bare soil is covered within 5-10 years. Factors other than sheep grazing pressure that exacerbated erosion were a cooling climate in the 1960s and the presence of cattle on the slopes. Temperatures have risen since then and cattle no longer graze the slopes.
机译：自1966年以来，一直对英格兰中部山顶地区及其周边地区小流域内的侵蚀斜坡进行了监测。1960年代后期，由于严寒的冬季和贫瘠的羔羊收成，放牧绵羊的压力有所减轻，导致该地区的殖民化。在较低的坡度上裸露的土壤，但在较高的裸露坡度上则没有。作为新的放牧制度的一部分，绵羊放牧压力在1980年代永久减少。随着时间的流逝，小流域中许多以前侵蚀的绵羊疤痕已完全被植被定殖，只有那些仍被绵羊积极使用的疤痕仍然存在。花了二十年的时间植被才开始侵入高坡上的裸露土壤。直到所有泥炭和下层浸出的土壤层被剥离，才重新建立植被。殖民化是一个快速的过程，大约5-10年内覆盖了大约80％的裸露土壤。除了绵羊放牧压力以外，加剧侵蚀的其他因素还有1960年代的凉爽气候和山坡上有牛。自那时以来，温度一直在上升，牲畜不再在山坡上吃草。

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