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The effects of overall robot shape on the emotions invoked in users and the perceived personalities of robot

机译：机器人整体形状对用户唤起的情绪和机器人的感知个性的影响

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摘要

The affective interaction between human and robots could be influenced by various aspects of robots, which are appearance, countenance, gesture, voice, etc. Among these, the overall shape of robot could play a key role in invoking desired emotions to the users and bestowing preferred personalities to robots. In this regard, the present study experimentally investigates the effects of overall robot shape on the emotions invoked in users and the perceived personalities of robot with an objective of deriving guidelines for the affective design of service robots. In so doing, 27 different shapes of robot were selected, modeled and fabricated, which were combinations of three different shapes of head, trunk and limb (legs and arms) - rectangular-parallelepiped, cylindrical and human-like shapes. For the experiment, visual images and real prototypes of these robot shapes were presented to participants, and emotions invoked and personalities perceived from the presented robots were measured. The results showed that the overall shape of robot arouses any of three emotions named 'concerned', 'enjoyable' and 'favorable', among which 'concerned' emotion is negatively correlated with the 'big five personality factors' while 'enjoyable' and 'favorable' emotions are positively correlated. It was found that the 'big five personality factors', and 'enjoyable' and 'favorable' emotions are more strongly perceived through the real prototypes than through the visual images. It was also found that the robot shape consisting of cylindrical head, human-like trunk and cylindrical head is the best for 'conscientious' personality and 'favorable' emotion, the robot shape consisting of cylindrical head, human-like trunk and human-like limb for 'extroverted' personality, the robot shape consisting of cylindrical head, cylindrical trunk and cylindrical limb for 'anti-neurotic' personality, and the robot shape consisting of rectangular-parallelepiped head, human-like trunk and human-like limb for 'enjoyable' emotion.
机译：人与机器人之间的情感互动可能会受到机器人各个方面的影响，例如外观，表情，手势，声音等。其中，机器人的整体形状可能会在向用户调用所需的情感并赋予其赠与方面起关键作用。机器人的首选个性。在这方面，本研究实验性地研究了整体机器人形状对用户所唤起的情绪和机器人的感知个性的影响，目的是得出服务机器人情感设计的准则。这样，选择，建模和制造了27种不同形状的机器人，它们是头部，躯干和肢体（腿和手臂）三种不同形状的组合-长方体，圆柱形和类人形状。为了进行实验，向参与者展示了这些机器人形状的视觉图像和真实原型，并测量了所呈现的机器人的情绪调用和感知到的个性。结果表明，机器人的整体形态引起了“关注”，“愉悦”和“有利”三种情绪，其中“关注”情绪与“五个大人格因素”负相关，而“愉悦”和“积极”则与负相关。良好的情绪正相关。研究发现，通过真实的原型比通过视觉图像更能强烈地感知“五个主要人格因素”以及“令人愉悦”和“有利”的情绪。还发现，由圆柱头，类人躯干和圆柱头组成的机器人形状最适合“尽责”性格和“有利”情绪，由圆柱头，类人躯干和类人组成的机器人形状肢体具有“外向”性格，机器人形状由圆柱形头部，圆柱形躯干和圆柱形肢体组成，具有“抗神经病”性格;机器人形状由直角平行六面体头部，类人躯干和类人肢体构成愉快的情感。

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