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首页> 外文期刊>Annals of xcience and technology policy >Measurement and Policy Responses to Innovation Barriers
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Measurement and Policy Responses to Innovation Barriers

机译：测量和应对政策创新障碍

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Although there are already some systematic reviews of ST&I indicators (Hall and Jaffe,2018), we shall endeavor now a more specific task of briefly reviewing the evolution of innovation indicators. By and large, it is possible to pinpoint three main theoretical models that have historically grounded the construction of innovation indicators (Viotti,2003). The science-push linear model of innovation was the pioneer. As discussed before, according to this model, there is a direct relationship between quantities and qualities of research inputs, especially basic research, and final outputs such as technological innovations and, ultimately, social and economic development (Godin,2006). Roughly speaking, the roots from this model go back at least to the 1940s, when the director of the Office of Scientific Research and Development in the United States, Bush (1945),headed the writing of a critical report establishing a broad view on how the country could keep its investment on scientific research after World War II.
机译：虽然已经有一些系统的评论ST&I指标(大厅和杰夫,2018)现在要努力更具体的任务简要回顾创新的进化指标。确定三个主要的理论模型历史上接地的建设创新指标(维奥蒂,2003)。创新是science-push线性模型先锋。模型,有着直接的关系数量和质量的研究投入,特别是基础研究,最终输出作为技术创新,最终社会和经济发展(Godin, 2006)。大致说来,根从这个模型至少可以追溯到1940年代,当主任办公室的科学研究和发展在美国,布什(1945),负责建立一个广泛的写作的一个关键报告对这个国家如何保持其投资在二战后科学研究。

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