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首页> 外文期刊>Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy. >In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial enteropathogens isolated from international travelers to Mexico, Guatemala, and India from 2006 to 2008.
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In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial enteropathogens isolated from international travelers to Mexico, Guatemala, and India from 2006 to 2008.

机译：2006年至2008年从墨西哥，危地马拉和印度的国际旅行者中分离出的细菌性肠病原菌的体外抗菌敏感性

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摘要

The incidence rates of travelers' diarrhea (TD) have remained high for the last 50 years. More recently, there have been increasing recommendations for self-initiated therapy and use of prophylactic drugs for TD. We last examined the in vitro susceptibilities of commonly used antibiotics against TD pathogens in 1997. We now examine 456 enteropathogens isolated from adult travelers to Mexico, India, and Guatemala with diarrhea acquired between 2006 and 2008 to determine changes in susceptibility against 10 different antimicrobials by the agar dilution method. Traditional antibiotics, such as ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and doxycycline, continue to show high levels of resistance. Current first-line antibiotic agents, including fluoroquinolones and azithromycin, showed significantly higher MICs than in our earlier study, and MIC(90) levels were above the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute cutoffs for resistance. There were significant geographical differences in resistance patterns when Central America was compared with India. Entertoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) isolates showed increased resistance to ciprofloxacin (P = 0.023) and levofloxacin (P = 0.0078) in India compared with Central America. Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) isolates from Central America showed increased resistance to nearly all of the antibiotics tested. Compared to MICs of isolates 10 years prior, there were 4- to 10-fold increases in MIC(90) values for ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and azithromycin for both ETEC and EAEC. There were no significant changes in rifaximin MICs. Rising MICs over time imply the need for continuous surveillance of susceptibility patterns worldwide and geographically specific recommendations in TD therapy.
机译：在过去的50年中，旅客腹泻（TD）的发病率一直很高。最近，关于自发治疗和将预防性药物用于TD的建议越来越多。我们上次在1997年检查了对TD病原体常用抗生素的体外药敏性。现在，我们检查了从2006年至2008年间从墨西哥，印度和危地马拉成年旅客中分离出的456种肠病原体，以确定由10种不同的抗菌药引起的腹泻敏感性琼脂稀释法。传统的抗生素，例如氨苄西林，甲氧苄氨嘧啶，磺胺甲基异恶唑和强力霉素，继续表现出高水平的耐药性。当前的一线抗生素药物，包括氟喹诺酮类药物和阿奇霉素，显示出比我们之前的研究显着更高的MIC，并且MIC（90）水平高于临床和实验室标准协会的抗药性临界值。将中美洲与印度进行比较时，抵抗模式存在明显的地域差异。与中美洲相比，印度产的产肠毒素大肠杆菌（ETEC）分离株对环丙沙星（P = 0.023）和左氧氟沙星（P = 0.0078）的耐药性增强。来自中美洲的肠聚合性大肠杆菌（EAEC）分离株显示出对几乎所有测试抗生素的耐药性增加。与10年前分离株的MIC相比，头孢曲松，环丙沙星，左氧氟沙星和阿奇霉素的TEC（EAEC）的MIC（90）值增加了4到10倍。利福昔明MICs无明显变化。随着时间的推移，不断上升的MIC意味着需要持续监测全世界的敏感性模式以及TD治疗中的特定地理位置建议。

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