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Fair weather and foul

机译：晴朗的天气和犯规

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Predicting and assessing how an aircraft reacts to its environment, and how that environment affects it, presents a set of complex challenges, the results of which are fundamental to certification and safe operation. Tim Butler, chief test pilot at Nova Systems, was candid: "Environmental testing can be heinously difficult to manage, because you're chasing weather conditions that rarely appear when you want them." The need for suitable venues for trials obliges aircraft OEMs to take aircraft 'on the road', seeking cold and hot locations, just the right winds and perhaps icing conditions. In the case of a handful of commercial fixed-wing aircraft and all helicopters, there is also the prospect of working on natural surfaces, away from hard runways. Trials and certification testing are generally performed in-house at the major OEMs, but smaller companies and start-ups tend to lack the resources, experience and relationships with regulators for such activity. In those cases, independent specialists, Nova Systems among them, are typically contracted.At the other end of the trials spectrum, Jean-Philippe Cottet is head of Airbus development flight tests. Naturally, the manufacturer boasts world-class test capabilities, but Cottet admitted that even Airbus has no control over the weather. Climatic trials are therefore written into the flight test plan and performed according to the required aircraft configuration being available and the desired weather conditions emerging. "When we use the climatic chamber at McKinley," he said, "it's much easier to plan."
机译：预测和评估飞机如何对环境做出反应，以及环境如何影响它，提出了一系列复杂的挑战，其结果对于认证和安全运行至关重要。Nova Systems的首席试飞员蒂姆·巴特勒（Tim Butler）坦率地说：“环境测试可能非常难以管理，因为你正在追逐很少出现的天气条件。需要合适的试验场地，这迫使飞机原始设备制造商将飞机“上路”，寻找寒冷和炎热的地点，恰到好处的风，也许还有结冰条件。对于少数商用固定翼飞机和所有直升机，也有可能在远离硬跑道的自然表面上工作。试验和认证测试通常在主要原始设备制造商内部进行，但较小的公司和初创企业往往缺乏此类活动的资源、经验和与监管机构的关系。在这些情况下，通常会与包括Nova Systems在内的独立专家签订合同。在试验范围的另一端，让-菲利普·科特（Jean-Philippe Cottet）是空中客车公司开发飞行测试的负责人。当然，制造商拥有世界一流的测试能力，但科特承认，即使是空中客车公司也无法控制天气。因此，气候试验被写入飞行测试计划，并根据所需的可用飞机配置和出现所需的天气条件进行。“当我们使用麦金利的气候室时，”他说，“计划起来要容易得多。

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  • 来源
    《Air international》 |2022年第6期|44-49|共6页
  • 作者

    Paul E Eden;

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