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首页> 外文期刊>Brain structure & function >Morphogenesis of the cerebellum and cerebellum-related structures in the shark Scyliorhinus canicula: insights on the ground pattern of the cerebellar ontogeny
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Morphogenesis of the cerebellum and cerebellum-related structures in the shark Scyliorhinus canicula: insights on the ground pattern of the cerebellar ontogeny

机译：鲨鱼Scyliorhinus canicula的小脑和小脑相关结构的形态发生：对小脑个体发育的地面模式的见解

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Because the cerebellum emerged at the agnathan-gnathostome transition and cartilaginous fishes are at the base of the gnathostome lineage, this group is crucial to determine the basic developmental pattern of the cerebellum and to gain insights into its origin. We have systematically analyzed key events in the development of cerebellum and cerebellum-related structures of the shark Scyliorhinus canicula. Three developmental periods are distinguished based on anatomical observations combined with molecular analysis. We present neurochemical and genoarchitectonic evidence on the onset of cerebellar development, the rostral and caudal cerebellar boundaries, the compartmentalization of the cerebellum, and correspondence of cerebellar domains to rhombomeric segmentation of the rostral hindbrain. Our observations, mainly based on the expression pattern of ScHoxA2, support the origin of both the upper and lower auricular leaves from r1 and exclude any cerebellar origin from r2. Correlation between subrhombomeres r1a/r1b and cerebellar domains is proposed based on the ScEn2 expression. The ScEn2 and ScOtx2 expression patterns revealed an antero-posterior cerebellar compartmentalization similar to that of mammals, and supported certain fissures (commonly used to define cerebellar domains) as reliable anatomical landmarks. At difference from mammals, the expression of ScEn2 along the cerebellar median-lateral axis does not reveal a multiple-banded pattern. The present study provides an atlas of cerebellar development in one of the most basal extant gnathostome lineages and emphasizes the importance of combining classic descriptive with modern molecular studies to gain knowledge on the ancestral condition of cerebellar developmental processes and the origins and evolution of the cerebellum.
机译：由于小脑是在agnathan-gnathostome过渡时期出现的，而软骨鱼类是gnathostome谱系的基础，因此这一组对于确定小脑的基本发育方式并了解其起源至关重要。我们已经系统地分析了鲨鱼Scyliorhinus canicula的小脑和小脑相关结构发育中的关键事件。基于解剖学观察和分子分析，区分了三个发育时期。我们提出小脑发展的开始，延髓和尾小脑边界，小脑的分隔和小脑域的对应关系到小脑后脑的菱形分割的神经化学和基因构造证据。我们的观察结果主要基于ScHoxA2的表达模式，支持来自r1的上下耳叶的起源，而排除来自r2的任何小脑起源。基于ScEn2的表达，提出了菱形下r1a / r1b与小脑区域之间的相关性。 ScEn2和ScOtx2的表达模式揭示了与哺乳动物相似的小脑前后区隔，并支持某些裂隙（通常用于定义小脑区域）作为可靠的解剖学标志。与哺乳动物不同，ScEn2沿小脑中外侧轴的表达未显示出多带模式。本研究提供了最基本的现存的gnathostome谱系之一的小脑发育图集，并强调了将经典描述性研究与现代分子研究相结合以了解小脑发育过程的祖先条件以及小脑起源和进化的重要性。

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