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首页> 外文期刊>Australian Journal of Soil Research >Atrazine degradation and transport in runoff on a Black Vertosol.
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Atrazine degradation and transport in runoff on a Black Vertosol.

机译：阿特拉津在黑色Vertosol上的降解和径流中的运输。

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摘要

In Australia communities are concerned about atrazine being detected in drinking water supplies. It is important to understand mechanisms by which atrazine is transported from paddocks to waterways if we are to reduce movement of agricultural chemicals from the site of application. Two paddocks cropped with grain sorghum on a Black Vertosol in Queensland, Australia were monitored for atrazine, potassium chloride (KCl) extractable atrazine, desethylatrazine (DEA), and desisopropylatrazine (DIA) at 4 soil depths (0-0.05, 0.05-0.10, 0.10-0.20, and 0.20-0.30 m) and in runoff water and runoff sediment. Atrazine+DEA+DIA (total atrazine) had a half-life in soil of 16-20 days, more rapid dissipation than in many earlier reports. Atrazine extracted in dilute potassium chloride, considered available for weed control, was initially 34% of the total and had a half-life of 15-20 days until day 30, after which it dissipated rapidly with a half life of 6 days. We conclude that, in this region, atrazine may not pose a risk for groundwater contamination, as only 0.5% of applied atrazine moved deeper than 0.20 m into the soil, where it dissipated rapidly. In runoff (including suspended sediment) atrazine concentrations were greatest during the first runoff event (57 days after application) (85 micro g/L) and declined with time. After 160 days, the total atrazine lost in runoff was 0.4% of the initial application. The total atrazine concentration in runoff was strongly related to the total concentration in soil, as expected. Even after 98% of the KCl-extractable atrazine had dissipated (and no longer provided weed control), runoff concentrations still exceeded the human health guideline value of 40 micro g/L. For total atrazine in soil (0-0.05 m), the range for coefficient of soil sorption (K< sub>d) was 1.9-28.4 mL/g and for soil organic carbon sorption (K< sub>OC) was 100-2184 mL/g, increasing with time of contact with the soil and rapid dissipation of the more soluble, available phase. Partition coefficients in runoff for total atrazine were initially 3, increasing to 32 and 51 with time, values for DEA being half these. To minimize atrazine losses, cultural practices that maximize rain infiltration, and thereby minimize runoff, and minimize concentrations in the soil surface should be adopted.
机译：在澳大利亚，社区担心在饮用水供应中发现at去津。如果我们要减少农药从施用地点的迁移，那么了解阿特拉津从牧场到水路的运输机制非常重要。在澳大利亚昆士兰州的一个黑色Vertosol上种植了两个种植有高粱谷物的围场，监测了4种土壤深度（0-0.05，0.05-0.10，0-0.05，0.05-0.10， 0.10-0.20和0.20-0.30 m），以及在径流水和径流沉积物中。阿特拉津+ DEA + DIA（总阿特拉津）在土壤中的半衰期为16-20天，比许多早期报道中的消散速度更快。被认为可用于控制杂草的稀氯化钾中提取的去津最初占总量的34％，半衰期为15天至20天，直到第30天，此后迅速消散，半衰期为6天。我们得出的结论是，在该区域中，阿特拉津可能不会造成地下水污染的风险，因为仅0.5％的应用阿特拉津向土壤中的渗透深度超过0.20 m，并迅速消散。在径流（包括悬浮的沉积物）中，r去津的浓度在第一次径流事件中（施用后57天）最高（85微克/升），并随时间下降。 160天后，径流损失的at去津总量为初始施用量的0.4％。正如预期的那样，径流中总at去津浓度与土壤中总浓度密切相关。即使98％的KCl可提取的at去津消散了（不再提供杂草控制），径流浓度仍超过了人类健康准则的40微克/升。对于土壤中总at去津（0-0.05 m），土壤吸附系数（K d ）的范围为1.9-28.4 mL / g，土壤有机碳吸附（K OC < ）为100-2184 mL / g，随着与土壤接触时间的增加以及可溶性更高的可用相的快速消散而增加。总at去津的径流分配系数最初为3，随时间增加到32和51，DEA值为这些值的一半。为了尽量减少at去津的损失，应采用使雨水渗透最大化，从而使径流最小化，并使土壤表面浓度最小化的文化习俗。

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